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Statins are inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) used for controlling plasma cholesterol levels. There is clinical evidence showing other effects of statins, including decrease of lung inflammation. In the current study, we show that pretreatment with atorvastatin markedly attenuated lung injury, which was correlated with a reduction in the cellular influx into the alveolar space and lungs and downmodulation of the production of proinflammatory mediators in the initial phase of infection in C57BL\/6 mice with<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>. However, atorvastatin did not alter the number of bacteria in the lungs and blood of infected mice, despite decreasing local inflammatory response. Interestingly, mice that received combined treatment with atorvastatin and imipenem displayed better survival than mice treated with vehicle, atorvastatin, or imipenem alone. These findings suggest that atorvastatin could be an adjuvant in host-directed therapies for multidrug-resistant<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>, based on its powerful pleiotropic immunomodulatory effects. Together with antimicrobial approaches, combination therapy with anti-inflammatory compounds could improve the efficiency of therapy during acute lung infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00764-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]],"date-time":"2018-02-23T10:06:27Z","timestamp":1519380387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Treatment with Atorvastatin Provides Additional Benefits to Imipenem in a Model of Gram-Negative Pneumonia Induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Talles Prosperi","family":"de Paula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Micro-organismo\/Hospedeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia Campi","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Micro-organismo\/Hospedeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel Duque do Nascimento","family":"Arifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Micro-organismo\/Hospedeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ang\u00e9lica T.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludmila de Matos","family":"Baltazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Micro-organismo\/Hospedeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago Vin\u00edcius","family":"\u00c1vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Micro-organismo\/Hospedeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caio Tavares","family":"Fagundes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Micro-organismo\/Hospedeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z\u00e9lia Menezes","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Micro-organismo\/Hospedeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata Lacerda","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Micro-organismo\/Hospedeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro Martins","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7478-5934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle G.","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Micro-organismo\/Hospedeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"258","article-title":"Mortality risk and etiologic spectrum of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adult patients","volume":"5","author":"Tudose C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tudose C, Moisoiu A, Bogdan M. 2010. 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