{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:13:21Z","timestamp":1791512001651,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1291161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the second leading cause of candidemia in the United States. Its high-level resistance to triazole antifungal drugs has led to the increased use of the echinocandin class of antifungal agents for primary therapy of these infections. We monitored\n                    <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    bloodstream isolates from a population-based surveillance study for elevated echinocandin MIC values (MICs of \u22650.25 \u03bcg\/ml). From the 490\n                    <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates that were screened, we identified 16 isolates with an elevated MIC value (2.9% of isolates from Atlanta and 2.0% of isolates from Baltimore) for one or more of the echinocandin drugs caspofungin, anidulafungin, and micafungin. All of the isolates with elevated MIC values had a mutation in the previously identified hot spot 1 of either the glucan synthase\n                    <jats:italic>FKS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 2) or\n                    <jats:italic>FKS2<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 14) gene. No mutations were detected in hot spot 2 of either\n                    <jats:italic>FKS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>FKS2<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The predominant mutation was mutation of\n                    <jats:italic>FKS2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -encoded serine 663 to proline (S663P), found in 10 of the isolates with elevated echinocandin MICs. Two of the mutations, R631G for\n                    <jats:italic>FKS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and R665G for\n                    <jats:italic>FKS2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , have not been reported previously for\n                    <jats:italic>C. glabrata.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Multilocus sequence typing indicated that the predominance of the S663P mutation was not due to the clonal spread of a single sequence type. With a rising number of echinocandin therapy failures reported, it is important to continue to monitor rates of elevated echinocandin MIC values and the associated mutations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00836-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,14]],"date-time":"2010-09-14T00:59:47Z","timestamp":1284425987000},"page":"5042-5047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["<i>FKS<\/i>\n                    Mutations and Elevated Echinocandin MIC Values among\n                    <i>Candida glabrata<\/i>\n                    Isolates from U.S. Population-Based Surveillance"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Alicia J.","family":"Zimbeck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycotic Disease Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naureen","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycotic Disease Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela M.","family":"Ahlquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycotic Disease Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"name":"Atlanta Resource and Education Foundation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica M.","family":"Farley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center"},{"name":"Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee H.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Chiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycotic Disease Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn R.","family":"Lockhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycotic Disease Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Epidemiology of candidemia in metropolitan Atlanta and Baltimore city and county: preliminary results of population-based active laboratory surveillance\u20142008-2010 2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01653-05"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMct060052"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.27.3.369"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01711-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/501020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01568-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts: approved standard 2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/W10-003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/375080"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00088-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.11.2471"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"121","volume":"20","year":"2003","unstructured":"Espinel-Ingroff, A. 2003. 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