{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T22:40:30Z","timestamp":1771368030665,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>BAL0030543, BAL0030544, and BAL0030545 are dihydrophthalazine inhibitors with in vitro potency against gram-positive pathogens. The MIC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>s for methicillin (meticillin)-sensitive<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, methicillin-resistant<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, hetero-vancomycin-resistant<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, and vancomycin-resistant<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>(VISA) range from 0.015 to 0.25 \u03bcg\/ml (MIC<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>s \u2264 0.5 \u03bcg\/ml). MIC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>s for beta-hemolytic streptococci range from 0.03 to 0.06 \u03bcg\/ml, MIC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>s for<jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>range from 0.06 to 0.12 \u03bcg\/ml, MIC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>s for<jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>range from 0.015 to 0.06 \u03bcg\/ml, and MIC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>s for<jats:italic>Streptococcus mitis<\/jats:italic>are \u22640.015 \u03bcg\/ml. These three dihydrophthalazine antifolates have improved potency compared to that of trimethoprim and activity against gram-positive pathogens resistant to other drug classes. (This work was presented in part at the 48th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Washington, DC, 2008 [1].)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00845-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,9]],"date-time":"2009-09-09T02:08:27Z","timestamp":1252462107000},"page":"4949-4952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["In Vitro Activities of Three New Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors against Clinical Isolates of Gram-Positive Bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Karen E.","family":"Bowker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BCARE, Department of Medical Microbiology, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BS10 5NB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Caspers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basilea Pharmaceutica AG, Grenzacherstrasse 487, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Be\u0301renge\u0300re","family":"Gaucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basilea Pharmaceutica AG, Grenzacherstrasse 487, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alasdair P.","family":"MacGowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCARE, Department of Medical Microbiology, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BS10 5NB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"F1-3936. 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