{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T08:24:50Z","timestamp":1782894290700,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]],"date-time":"2009-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Resistance to fusidic acid in\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            is caused by mutation of the elongation factor G (EF-G) drug target (FusA class) or by expression of a protein that protects the drug target (FusB and FusC classes). Recently, two novel genetic classes of small-colony variants (SCVs) were identified among fusidic acid-resistant mutants selected in vitro (FusA-SCV and FusE classes). We analyzed a phylogenetically diverse collection of fusidic acid-resistant bacteremia isolates to determine which resistance classes were prevalent and whether these were associated with particular phylogenetic lineages. Each isolate was shown by DNA sequencing and plasmid curing to carry only one determinant of fusidic acid resistance, with approximately equal frequencies of the FusA, FusB, and FusC genetic classes. The FusA class (mutations in\n            <jats:italic>fusA<\/jats:italic>\n            ) were distributed among different phylogenetic types. Two distinct variants of the FusC class (chromosomal\n            <jats:italic>fusC<\/jats:italic>\n            gene) were identified, and FusC was also distributed among different phylogenetic types. In contrast, the FusB class (carrying\n            <jats:italic>fusB<\/jats:italic>\n            on a plasmid) was found in closely related types. No FusE-class mutants (carrying mutations in\n            <jats:italic>rplF<\/jats:italic>\n            ) were found. However, one FusA-class isolate had multiple mutations in the\n            <jats:italic>fusA<\/jats:italic>\n            gene, including one altering a codon associated with the FusA-SCV class. SCVs are frequently unstable and may undergo compensatory evolution to a normal growth phenotype after their initial occurrence. Accordingly, this normal-growth isolate might have evolved from a fusidic acid-resistant SCV. We conclude that at least three different resistance classes are prevalent among fusidic acid-resistant bacteremia isolates of\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00871-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,17]],"date-time":"2009-03-17T00:54:09Z","timestamp":1237251249000},"page":"2059-2065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Genetic Determinants of Resistance to Fusidic Acid among Clinical Bacteremia Isolates of\n            <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Jonas","family":"Lannerga\u030ard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Programme, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Box 596, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Norstro\u0308m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Programme, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Box 596, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diarmaid","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Programme, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Box 596, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(98)00077-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/170.4.1033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5481.905"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04616"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03307.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5457.1479"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(69)90934-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-96-2-229"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0b013e32827851d7","volume":"13","year":"2007","unstructured":"Falagas, M. E., and P. Kopterides. 2007. Old antibiotics for infections in critically ill patients. Curr. Opin. Crit. Care13:592-597.","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Crit. Care"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/00296bm04"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402521101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1996.0259"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.9.4424-4427.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.2.792-799.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-73-3-501","volume":"73","year":"1972","unstructured":"Lacey, R. W., and J. Grinsted. 1972. Linkage of fusidic acid resistance to the penicillinase plasmid in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Gen. Microbiol.73:501-508.","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-7-1-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2000.4168"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2004.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04076.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn071"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-7-98"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02389.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00328-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04971.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.9.3594-3597.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01984-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01542-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.2174\/157489108783413173","volume":"3","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pan, A., S. Lorenzotti, and A. Zoncada. 2008. Registered and investigational drugs for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Recent Pat. Antiinfect. Drug Discov.3:10-33.","journal-title":"Recent Pat. Antiinfect. Drug Discov."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.1.95"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1384"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80167-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05302.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.11.3556-3563.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1982.tb06859.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(98)00074-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200666080-00005","volume":"66","year":"2006","unstructured":"Trampuz, A., and W. Zimmerli. 2006. Antimicrobial agents in orthopaedic surgery: prophylaxis and treatment. Drugs66:1089-1105.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/320519"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516962"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.15.4706-4712.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","first-page":"321","volume":"113","year":"2000","unstructured":"von Eiff, C., R. A. Proctor, and G. Peters. 2000. Small colony variants of Staphylococci: a link to persistent infections. Berl. Munch. Tieraerztl. Wochenschr.113:321-325.","journal-title":"Berl. Munch. Tieraerztl. Wochenschr."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(98)00070-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(98)00105-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00679a025"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.00871-08","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.00871-08","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T20:26:43Z","timestamp":1645475203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.00871-08"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.00871-08"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.00871-08","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-03-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-05-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}