{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:24:16Z","timestamp":1791933856902,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Scientific Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81102168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81102168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"973 Program","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2013CB531600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013CB531600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The National Special Project on Research and Development of Key Biosafety Technologies","award":["2016yfc1200100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016yfc1200100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Azole resistance in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            has emerged as a worldwide public health problem. We sought here to demonstrate the occurrence and characteristics of azole resistance in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            from different parts of China. A total of 317 clinical and 144 environmental\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates from 12 provinces were collected and subjected to screening for azole resistance. Antifungal susceptibility,\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            gene sequencing, and genotyping were carried out for all suspected azole-resistant isolates and a subset of azole-susceptible isolates. As a result, 8 (2.5%) clinical and 2 (1.4%) environmental\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates were identified as azole resistant. Five azole-resistant strains exhibit the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H mutation, whereas four carry the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H\/S297T\/F495I mutation in the\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            gene. Genetic typing and phylogenetic analysis showed that there was a worldwide clonal expansion of the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H isolates, while the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H\/S297T\/F495I isolates from China harbored a distinct genetic background with resistant isolates from other countries. High polymorphisms existed in the\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            gene that produced amino acid changes among azole-susceptible\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates, with N248K being the most common mutation. These data suggest that the wide distribution of azole-resistant\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            might be attributed to the environmental resistance mechanisms in China.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01005-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T02:39:00Z","timestamp":1468895940000},"page":"5878-5884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Epidemiology and Molecular Characterizations of Azole Resistance in Clinical and Environmental Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from China"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Yong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziying","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanwen","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ji'nan Military Command, Ji'nan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fen","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese PLA 302 Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyao","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangbin","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese PLA 202 Hospital, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingsheng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuelin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuguang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingya","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changjian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 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Method for the determination of broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentrations of antifungal agents for conidia forming moulds EUCAST definitive document EDef 9.3. 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