{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:45:11Z","timestamp":1791153911891,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]],"date-time":"2010-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1272672000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The current interest in malaria elimination has led to a renewed interest in drugs that can be used for mass administration to minimize malaria transmission. Primaquine (PQ) is the only generally available drug with a strong activity against mature\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:italic>lasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n            gametocytes, the parasite stage responsible for transmission. Despite concerns about PQ-induced hemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient individuals, a single dose of PQ may be safe and efficacious in clearing gametocytes that persist after conventional treatment. As part of a mass drug intervention, we determined the hemolytic effect of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) plus artesunate (AS) plus a single dose of primaquine (PQ; 0.75 mg\/kg of body weight) in children aged 1 to 12 years. Children were randomized to receive SP+AS+PQ or placebo; those with a hemoglobin (Hb) level below 8 g\/dl were excluded from receiving PQ and received SP+AS. The Hb concentration was significantly reduced 7 days after SP+AS+PQ treatment but not after placebo or SP+AS treatment. This reduction in Hb was most pronounced in G6PD-deficient (G6PD A\u2212) individuals (\u22122.5 g\/dl; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], \u22121.2 to \u22123.8 g\/dl) but was also observed in heterozygotes (G6PD A) (\u22121.6 g\/dl; 95% CI, \u22120.9 to \u22122.2 g\/dl) and individuals with the wild-type genotype (G6PD B) (\u22120.5 g\/dl; 95% CI, \u22120.4 to \u22120.6 g\/dl). Moderate anemia (Hb level of &lt;8 g\/dl) was observed in 40% (6\/15 individuals) of the G6PD A\u2212, 11.1% (3\/27 individuals) of the G6PD A, and 4.5% (18\/399 individuals) of the G6PD B individuals; one case of severe anemia (Hb level of &lt;5 g\/dl) was observed. PQ may cause moderate anemia when coadministered with artemisinins, and excluding individuals based on G6PD status alone may not be sufficient to prevent PQ-induced hemolysis.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01135-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,2]],"date-time":"2010-03-02T04:54:26Z","timestamp":1267505666000},"page":"1762-1768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["In Tanzania, Hemolysis after a Single Dose of Primaquine Coadministered with an Artemisinin Is Not Restricted to Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase-Deficient (G6PD A\u2212) Individuals"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Seif A.","family":"Shekalaghe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands"},{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College-Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roel","family":"ter Braak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Modibo","family":"Daou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands"},{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College-Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reginald","family":"Kavishe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College-Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wouter","family":"van den Bijllaardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"van den Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan B.","family":"Koenderink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian J. 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