{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T10:04:09Z","timestamp":1787652249413,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Carnobacterium divergens<\/jats:italic>\n            clinical isolates BM4489 and BM4490 were resistant to penicillins but remained susceptible to combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and piperacillin-tazobactam. Cloning and sequencing of the responsible determinant from BM4489 revealed a coding sequence of 912 bp encoding a class A \u03b2-lactamase named CAD-1. The\n            <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>CAD-1<\/jats:sub>\n            gene was assigned to a chromosomal location in the two strains that had distinct pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. CAD-1 shared 53% and 42% identity with \u03b2-lactamases from\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            , respectively. Alignment of CAD-1 with other class A \u03b2-lactamases indicated the presence of 25 out of the 26 isofunctional amino acids in class A \u03b2-lactamases.\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            harboring\n            <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>CAD-1<\/jats:sub>\n            exhibited resistance to penams (benzylpenicillin and amoxicillin) and remained susceptible to amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid. Mature CAD-1 consisted of a 34.4-kDa polypeptide. Kinetic analysis indicated that CAD-1 exhibited a narrow substrate profile, hydrolyzing benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, and piperacillin with catalytic efficiencies of 6,600, 3,200, and 2,900 mM\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            s\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            , respectively. The enzyme did not interact with oxyiminocephalosporins, imipenem, or aztreonam. CAD-1 was inhibited by tazobactam (50% inhibitory concentration [IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            ] = 0.27 \u03bcM), clavulanic acid (IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            = 4.7 \u03bcM), and sulbactam (IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            = 43.5 \u03bcM). The\n            <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>CAD-1<\/jats:sub>\n            gene is likely to have been acquired by BM4489 and BM4490 as part of a mobile genetic element, since it was not found in the susceptible type strain CIP 101029 and was adjacent to a gene for a resolvase.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01145-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,11]],"date-time":"2007-12-11T01:44:26Z","timestamp":1197337466000},"page":"551-556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of CAD-1, a Chromosomally Encoded New Class A Penicillinase from\n            <i>Carnobacterium divergens<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Djalal","family":"Meziane-Cherif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 des Agents Antibacte\u0301riens, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Decre\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ho\u0302pital Saint-Antoine, 184, Rue Fbg. St. Antoine, 75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Arne","family":"H\u00f8iby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrice","family":"Courvalin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 des Agents Antibacte\u0301riens, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Pe\u0301richon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 des Agents Antibacte\u0301riens, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1656(98)00198-9","volume":"68","year":"1999","unstructured":"Adams, M. R. 1999. 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