{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:16:53Z","timestamp":1790770613552,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1172707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a randomized controlled trial of amphotericin B-based therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cryptococcal meningitis in Thailand, we also compared the mycological efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of oral versus intravenous flucytosine at 100 mg\/kg of body weight\/day for the initial 2 weeks. Half of 32 patients assigned to the two arms containing flucytosine were randomized to oral and half to intravenous flucytosine. Early fungicidal activity was determined from serial quantitative cultures of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and toxicity was assessed by clinical and laboratory monitoring. Flucytosine and fluorouracil concentrations in plasma and CSF were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. No significant bone marrow or hepatotoxicity was seen, there was no detectable difference in bone marrow toxicity between patients on intravenous and those on oral formulation, and no patients discontinued treatment. In patients receiving intravenous flucytosine, the median 24-h area under the concentration-time curve was significantly higher than in the oral group. Despite this difference, there was no difference in early fungicidal activity between patients on intravenous compared with patients on oral flucytosine. The results suggest that either formulation can be used safely at this dosage in a developing country setting, without drug concentration monitoring. The bioavailability of the oral formulation may be reduced in late-stage HIV-infected patients in Thailand. Concentrations of flucytosine with intravenous formulation at 100 mg\/kg\/day may be in excess of those required for maximal fungicidal activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01188-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,28]],"date-time":"2006-12-28T20:39:36Z","timestamp":1167338376000},"page":"1038-1042","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Oral versus Intravenous Flucytosine in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Annemarie E.","family":"Brouwer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infection, St. George's University of London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Nijmegen University Centre for Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hendrikus J. M.","family":"van Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Reference Laboratory, Health Protection Agency South-West Regional Laboratory, Bristol, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adul","family":"Rajanuwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Sappasithiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prapit","family":"Teparrukkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Sappasithiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vannaporn","family":"Wuthiekanun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wirongrong","family":"Chierakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas S.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infection, St. George's University of London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.4.938-942.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldh043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.1.6.476"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16301-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1978243333"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.14.6.903"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/15.6.1003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.29.1.44"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(99)00125-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01643246"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts; approved standard 2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4825(92)90011-B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.1.113-120.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.3.1746"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.38"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707033370103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000069784"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-200012000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.23.1.79"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.01188-06","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.01188-06","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T14:17:44Z","timestamp":1645453064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.01188-06"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.01188-06"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.01188-06","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-09-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2006-12-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2007-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}