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Despite the available literature, no studies comprehensively summarize the findings for antimicrobial combinations against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . We performed a systematic review to identify synergistic combinations that may be beneficial for clinical use against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were queried from inception to February 2024 for studies of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      assays evaluating two antimicrobials in combination against isolates of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Studies were included if they used common methods to determine synergy including time-kill assays, checkerboard assays, or the combined gradient diffusion method. The proportion of isolates for which synergy was identified was compared for different antimicrobial combinations. Two hundred sixty-five studies were included for analysis. One hundred forty-two studies evaluated synergy against methicillin-resistant\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MRSA), 31 against methicillin-susceptible\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MSSA), and 92 assessed synergy against both MRSA and MSSA, or did not define the methicillin susceptibility profile of the isolates studied. Time-kill assays (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 176) and checkerboard assays (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 158) were the most frequently used methods, with few studies evaluating synergy using the combined gradient diffusion method (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 13). The proportion of synergy varied based on the antimicrobial combination and isolate being evaluated. Antimicrobial synergy has been extensively studied for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , with combinations of glycopeptides and cephalosporins being studied most frequently. Future evaluations of synergy for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      should focus on antimicrobial combinations with strong rationales and robust potential for clinical use.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01199-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T10:46:30Z","timestamp":1750157190000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Antibiotic synergy against\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    : a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1318-553X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Madeline","family":"Mellett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01pxwe438","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University","place":["Montreal, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Lawandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04vfsmv21","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, McGill University Health Centre","place":["Montreal, USA"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04cpxjv19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre","place":["Montreal, Canada"]},{"name":"Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre","place":["Montreal, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chelsea","family":"Caya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01pxwe438","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre","place":["Montreal, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd C.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04cpxjv19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre","place":["Montreal, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0578-4871","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Babiker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02gars961","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory School of Medicine","place":["Atlanta, USA"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02gars961","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine","place":["Atlanta, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4232-871X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jesse","family":"Papenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04cpxjv19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre","place":["Montreal, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4765-3469","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cedric P.","family":"Yansouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04cpxjv19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre","place":["Montreal, Canada"]},{"name":"Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre","place":["Montreal, Canada"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01pxwe438","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"J.D. 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