{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:53:05Z","timestamp":1791215585462,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Artemisinin resistance in\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n                    parasites in Southeast Asia is a major concern for malaria control. Its emergence at the China-Myanmar border, where there have been more than 3 decades of artemisinin use, has yet to be investigated. Here, we comprehensively evaluated the potential emergence of artemisinin resistance and antimalarial drug resistance status in\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n                    using data and parasites from three previous efficacy studies in this region. These efficacy studies of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine combination and artesunate monotherapy of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in 248\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n                    patients showed an overall 28-day adequate clinical and parasitological response of &gt;95% and day 3 parasite-positive rates of 6.3 to 23.1%. Comparison of the 57 K13 sequences (24 and 33 from day 3 parasite-positive and -negative cases, respectively) identified nine point mutations in 38 (66.7%) samples, of which F446I (49.1%) and an N-terminal NN insertion (86.0%) were predominant. K13 propeller mutations collectively, the F446I mutation alone, and the NN insertion all were significantly associated with day 3 parasite positivity. Increased ring-stage survival determined using the ring-stage survival assay (RSA) was highly associated with the K13 mutant genotype. Day 3 parasite-positive isolates had \u223c10 times higher ring survival rates than day 3 parasite-negative isolates. Divergent K13 mutations suggested independent evolution of artemisinin resistance. Taken together, this study confirmed multidrug resistance and emergence of artemisinin resistance in\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n                    at the China-Myanmar border. RSA and K13 mutations are useful phenotypic and molecular markers for monitoring artemisinin resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01255-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,31]],"date-time":"2015-08-31T21:59:49Z","timestamp":1441058389000},"page":"6952-6959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Artemisinin Resistance at the China-Myanmar Border and Association with Mutations in the K13 Propeller Gene"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Zenglei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingna","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mynthia","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhavna","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanrui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Kemirembe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awtum","family":"Brashear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sony","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Puer, Yunnan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoqing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liwang","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70181-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0805011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808859"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-11-355"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"S201","article-title":"Monitoring antimalarial drug efficacy in the Greater Mekong Subregion: an overview of in vivo results from 2008 to 2010","volume":"44","author":"Bustos MD","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bustos MD, Wongsrichanalai C, Delacollette C, Burkholder B. 2013. Monitoring antimalarial drug efficacy in the Greater Mekong Subregion: an overview of in vivo results from 2008 to 2010. 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