{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T01:04:07Z","timestamp":1787965447607,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1-TR000448"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-TR000448"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23-AI091690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23-AI091690"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"HHS | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-HS021736"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-HS021736"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"HHS | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-HS024269"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-HS024269"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009340","name":"Children's Discovery Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009340","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Topical antimicrobials are often employed for decolonization and infection prevention and may alter the endogenous microbiota of the skin. The objective of this study was to compare the microbial communities and levels of richness and diversity in community-dwelling subjects and intensive care unit (ICU) patients before and after the use of topical decolonization protocols. We enrolled 15 adults at risk for\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            infection. Community subjects (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 8) underwent a 5-day decolonization protocol (twice daily intranasal mupirocin and daily dilute bleach-water baths), and ICU patients (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 7) received daily chlorhexidine baths. Swab samples were collected from 5 anatomic sites immediately before and again after decolonization. A variety of culture media and incubation environments were used to recover bacteria and fungi; isolates were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization\u2013time of flight mass spectrometry. Overall, 174 unique organisms were recovered. Unique communities of organisms were recovered from the community-dwelling and hospitalized cohorts. In the community-dwelling cohort, microbial richness and diversity did not differ significantly between collections across time points, although the number of body sites colonized with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            decreased significantly over time (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.004). Within the hospitalized cohort, richness and diversity decreased over time compared to those for the enrollment sampling (from enrollment to final sampling,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.01 for both richness and diversity). Topical antimicrobials reduced the burden of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            while preserving other components of the skin and nasal microbiota.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01289-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,27]],"date-time":"2016-09-27T03:44:12Z","timestamp":1474947852000},"page":"7303-7312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Topical Decolonization Does Not Eradicate the Skin Microbiota of Community-Dwelling or Hospitalized Adults"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1137-840X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carey-Ann D.","family":"Burnham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick G.","family":"Hogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghan A.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Deych","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Shannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David K.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8602-5879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie A.","family":"Fritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490712200205"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.15.1763"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200101043440102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1113849"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1207290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31815c9068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/661285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir919"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit764"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08437.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060280"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000087107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11234"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gm378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2316-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-1843-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1102938108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0106994"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00014-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2011.60"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02680-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.1218"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/675292"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2016.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1171700"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-1961-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12317"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-1912-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00680-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00682-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","volume-title":"Analysis and presentation of cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility test data; 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