{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:06:21Z","timestamp":1753880781648,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15H00646","16H00649"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15H00646","16H00649"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Moraxella catarrhalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            causes respiratory infections. In this study, fluoroquinolone-resistant strains were selected\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            to evaluate the mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance. Strains with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility were obtained by stepwise selection in levofloxacin, and fluoroquinolone targets\n            <jats:italic>gyr<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>par<\/jats:italic>\n            were sequenced. Six novel mutations in GyrA (D84Y, T594dup, and A722dup), GyrB (E479K and D439N), and ParE (Q395R) involved in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. catarrhalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            resistance to fluoroquinolones were revealed.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01336-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:35:13Z","timestamp":1501547713000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Molecular Characterization of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Moraxella catarrhalis Variants Generated\n            <i>In Vitro<\/i>\n            by Stepwise Selection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Kageto","family":"Yamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Chiba, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Medical Treatment Corporation Toshima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3398-8572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saori","family":"Muto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Medical Treatment Corporation Toshima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Machiko","family":"Kashiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Medical Treatment Corporation Toshima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiko","family":"Tamamori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Medical Treatment Corporation Toshima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Fujisaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Chiba, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599375"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2013.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.4.1546-1548.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01131.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/428052"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm452"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.74.1.59"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01175-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.073734-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.7.1554"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","volume-title":"Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically; approved standard\u201410th edition","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2015. 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