{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:00:33Z","timestamp":1787238033018,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The genetic structure and antibiotic nonsusceptibility of all serotype 19A\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    pediatric pneumococcal isolates received at the Spanish Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory (1990 to 2008) were analyzed. Of them, 410 (79.8%) isolates belonged to 14 sequence types (STs) with &gt;10 isolates each, and 104 to 73 STs (with 21 new STs, ST5141 to ST5161, with one isolate each). Time trends in 2000 to 2008 (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 471) were explored by lineal regression. Serotype 19A increased from 5.7% in 2000 to 16.8% in 2008 (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.872;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.001). Decreasing trends (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.03) were found for ST202 (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.774) and ST81 (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.559), and increasing trends (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.03) for ST878 (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.544) and ST320 (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.530), both belonging to the clonal complex (CC) Denmark\n                    <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>\n                    -32 and first detected in 2003 and 2007, respectively, and ST2013 (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.704) and ST4461 (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.707), both appearing in 2004. Penicillin nonsusceptibility was clustered in ST81, ST276, ST320, ST878, ST2013, and ST4461 (&gt;90% nonsusceptibility), and amoxicillin and cefotaxime nonsusceptibility in ST320: 87% amoxicillin (MIC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/MIC\n                    <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 8\/8 \u03bcg\/ml) and 43.5% cefotaxime (MIC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/MIC\n                    <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 1\/2 \u03bcg\/ml) nonsusceptibility. No trends were found for erythromycin nonsusceptibility (ranging from 38.5% to 66.7%) and cefotaxime nonsusceptibility (ranging from 0.0% to 7.8%), but increasing trends (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.02) were found for oral penicillin (from 16.7% in 2000 to 56.3% in 2008;\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.628) and amoxicillin (from 0.0% before 2007 to 13.8% in 2008;\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.628) nonsusceptibility. This study warns about the emergence of serotype 19A STs associated with high-level antibiotic nonsusceptibility, with a role for ST320 and ST878 occupying the niche left by some pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7)-related resistant STs. The rapid expansion of serotype 19A and STs related to antibiotic resistance indicates that vaccines covering serotype 19A present advantages in countering invasive disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01494-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,22]],"date-time":"2011-02-22T23:16:50Z","timestamp":1298416610000},"page":"2297-2302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Evolution of Clonal and Susceptibility Profiles of Serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among Invasive Isolates from Children in Spain, 1990 to 2008"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Tarrag\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spanish Reference Pneumococcal Laboratory, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda-Jos\u00e9","family":"Gimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan-Jos\u00e9","family":"Granizo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grana Datos, Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asunci\u00f3n","family":"Fenoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spanish Reference Pneumococcal Laboratory, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00665-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp210"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/594125"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/374624"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030168"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1402.070807"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2009. 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