{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:07:42Z","timestamp":1791248862100,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) (e.g., peroxide) was shown to induce expression of the PA5471 gene, which was previously shown to be required for antimicrobial induction of the MexXY components of the MexXY-OprM multidrug efflux system and aminoglycoside resistance determinant in\n            <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa. mexXY<\/jats:italic>\n            was also induced by peroxide exposure, and this too was PA5471 dependent. The prospect of ROS promoting\n            <jats:italic>mexXY<\/jats:italic>\n            expression and aminoglycoside resistance recalls\n            <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n            infection of the chronically inflamed lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, where the organism is exposed to ROS and where MexXY-OprM predominates as the mechanism of aminoglycoside resistance. While ROS did not enhance aminoglycoside resistance\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            , long-term (8-day) exposure of\n            <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n            to peroxide (mimicking chronic\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            ROS exposure) increased aminoglycoside resistance frequency, dependent upon PA5471 and\n            <jats:italic>mexXY<\/jats:italic>\n            . This enhanced resistance frequency was also seen in a mutant strain overexpressing PA5471, in the absence of peroxide, suggesting that induction of PA5471 by peroxide was key to peroxide enhancement of aminoglycoside resistance frequency. Resistant mutants selected following peroxide exposure were typically pan-aminoglycoside-resistant, with\n            <jats:italic>mexXY<\/jats:italic>\n            generally required for this resistance. Moreover, PA5471 was required for\n            <jats:italic>mexXY<\/jats:italic>\n            expression and aminoglycoside resistance in these as well as several CF isolates examined.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01495-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,21]],"date-time":"2010-12-21T06:06:50Z","timestamp":1292911610000},"page":"1068-1074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Oxidative Stress Induction of the MexXY Multidrug Efflux Genes and Promotion of Aminoglycoside Resistance Development in\n            <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Fraud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Poole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Short protocols in molecular biology 1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.18.5280"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00018-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"690","volume":"11","year":"2005","unstructured":"Canton, R., et al. 2005. 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