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The addition of the outer membrane permeabilizer polymyxin B nonapeptide increased the antibacterial activities of avibactam alone, ceftazidime alone, and ceftazidime-avibactam against the characterized clinical isolates of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Enterobacter aerogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            . This enhancement of activities was mainly due to increased passive penetration of compounds since inhibition of efflux by the addition of phenylalanine-arginine \u03b2-naphthylamide affected the MICs minimally. OmpF (OmpK35) or OmpC (OmpK36) pores were not the major route by which avibactam crossed the outer membranes of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">E. coli<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            . In contrast, Omp35 and Omp36 allowed diffusion of avibactam across the outer membrane of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">E. aerogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            , although other diffusion channels for avibactam were also present in that species. It was clear that outer membrane permeability and outer membrane pore-forming proteins play a key role in the activity of ceftazidime-avibactam. Nevertheless, the MICs of ceftazidime-avibactam (with 4 mg\/liter avibactam) against the ceftazidime-resistant clinical isolates of the three species of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:named-content>\n            studied were \u22648 mg\/liter, regardless of outer membrane permeability changes resulting from an absence of defined porin proteins or upregulation of efflux.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01585-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]],"date-time":"2015-12-15T04:43:50Z","timestamp":1450154630000},"page":"1349-1359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Role of the Outer Membrane and Porins in Susceptibility of \u03b2-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae to Ceftazidime-Avibactam"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7092-7977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Marie","family":"Pag\u00e8s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR_MD-1, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9, IRBA, Transporteurs Membranaires, Chimior\u00e9sistance et Drug Design, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Peslier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR_MD-1, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9, IRBA, Transporteurs Membranaires, Chimior\u00e9sistance et Drug Design, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Keating","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AstraZeneca Infection Innovative Medicines, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9484-0304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Philippe","family":"Lavigne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, U1047, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier 1, N\u00eemes, France"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Caremeau, N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wright W.","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AstraZeneca Infection Innovative Medicines, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70318-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2012.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2011.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/9783527659685.ch9","volume-title":"Antibiotics, targets, mechanisms and resistance","author":"Valade E","year":"2013","unstructured":"Valade E, Davin-Regli A, Bolla JM, Pag\u00e8s JM. 2013. 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