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In vitro safety was assessed by CCK-8 and live\/dead staining on ARPE-19, M\u00fcller, and RAW 264.7. For\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      safety, we administered therapeutic doses via intravitreal injection in rabbit eyes and performed fundus photography and histopathological analysis on day 3. Antifungal effect evaluation included minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination, biofilm inhibition, and structural damage observation (confocal laser scanning microscopy, CLSM; scanning\/transmission electron microscopy, SEM\/TEM). We measured inflammatory responses via TNF-\u03b1\/IL-1\u03b2 qRT-PCR in RAW 264.7 cells. A rabbit\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      endophthalmitis model was established. At 48 h post-infection, rabbits received intravitreal injections of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB, 10 \u03bcg), voriconazole (VCZ, 50 \u03bcg), RZF (35 \u03bcg), AFG (35 \u03bcg), or saline (control). Clinical scores, ocular fungal burden, aqueous humor TNF-\u03b1, and histopathological scores were assessed. Echinocandins showed lower IC50 values\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , yet maintained acceptable safety at clinically relevant low concentrations compared with traditional drugs, with no significant tissue toxicity\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      . RZF and AFG exhibited lower MICs (0.016\u20130.03125 \u03bcg\/mL) than L-AmB (4 \u03bcg\/mL) and VCZ (0.125\u20130.25 \u03bcg\/mL). All four drugs inhibited biofilm formation, disrupted fungal structures, and downregulated inflammatory responses.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      , RZF\/AFG reduced clinical and histopathological scores, fungal burden, and TNF-\u03b1 levels, performing similarly to traditional drugs. RZF and AFG demonstrate potent antifungal activity against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      comparable to conventional drugs, along with significant anti-inflammatory effects and acceptable safety profiles.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01670-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T13:00:20Z","timestamp":1774270820000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Safety and efficacy of echinocandin antifungal agents in\n                    <i>Candida albicans<\/i>\n                    endophthalmitis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1400-9471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, the 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