{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:30:11Z","timestamp":1787016611379,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 2023YFC2307100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2023YFC2307100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LZY24H150003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LZY24H150003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008092","name":"Jinhua Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-3-117,2023-3-102,2022-3-062,2021-3-104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-3-117,2023-3-102,2022-3-062,2021-3-104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017531","name":"Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024KY1751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024KY1751"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017531","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n The extensively drug-resistant (XDR)\n Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n ST463 strains, which co-harbor plasmid-associated metallo-\u03b2-lactamase (MBL) and\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n KPC-2<\/jats:sub>\n genes, exhibit significant resistance and virulence, posing great clinical treatment challenges. Here, we report on three XDR\n P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n ST463 strains, PA64, PA3117, and PA30, all carrying two plasmid types. One plasmid was a ~450 kb IncP-2-type megaplasmid named pPA64_1, pPA3117_1, and pPA30_1 in strains PA64, PA3117, and PA30, respectively. The other plasmid was a type I plasmid named pPA64_2, pPA3117_2, and pPA30_2 in strains PA64, PA3117, and PA30, respectively, harboring the\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n KPC-2<\/jats:sub>\n gene in the core genetic platform IS\n Kpn27- bla<\/jats:italic>\n KPC-2<\/jats:sub>\n -IS\n Kpn6<\/jats:italic>\n . The\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n KPC-2<\/jats:sub>\n gene copies were associated with IS\n 26<\/jats:italic>\n -mediated inversion or duplication events. Notably, the IncP-2 megaplasmids pPA64_1, pPA3117_1, and pPA30_1 were associated with a variable ~57.3 kb Tn\n 1403<\/jats:italic>\n -like transposon named Tn\n 6485g<\/jats:italic>\n , Tn\n 6485h<\/jats:italic>\n , and Tn\n 6485f<\/jats:italic>\n , respectively. Tn\n 6485g<\/jats:italic>\n carried the MBL gene\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n IMP-45,<\/jats:sub>\n which was located in the class 1 integron In\n 786<\/jats:italic>\n , followed by an IS\n CR1<\/jats:italic>\n -associated\n armA<\/jats:italic>\n module and the IS\n 26<\/jats:italic>\n -composite transposon Tn\n 6309<\/jats:italic>\n . On this basis, other IS\n CR1<\/jats:italic>\n -associated modules (IS\n CR1-qnrVC6<\/jats:italic>\n , IS\n CR1-bla<\/jats:italic>\n PER-1<\/jats:sub>\n , and IS\n CR1-bla<\/jats:italic>\n AFM-1<\/jats:sub>\n ) were inserted between In\n 786<\/jats:italic>\n derivatives and IS\n CR1-armA<\/jats:italic>\n , resulting in a novel transposon, Tn6\n 485h<\/jats:italic>\n , carrying two MBL genes,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n IMP-45<\/jats:sub>\n and\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n AFM-1<\/jats:sub>\n . In contrast to Tn6\n 485h<\/jats:italic>\n , Tn\n 6485f<\/jats:italic>\n had another inserted copy of IS\n CR1-qnrVC6<\/jats:italic>\n . We inferred that the evolution of the Tn\n 1403<\/jats:italic>\n -like transposon might be driven by the recruitment of IS\n CR1<\/jats:italic>\n -associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) modules under antibiotic pressure in a clinical setting.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01697-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T12:00:50Z","timestamp":1753272050000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evolution of XDR\n Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>\n ST463 strains with two plasmids harboring multiple antimicrobial resistance genes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7404-3642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yinfei","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Jinhua, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meijun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03k14e164","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Respiratory, Zhejiang Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, People\u2019s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6070-7077","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yisha","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province","place":["Hangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxia","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Jinhua, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Jinhua Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Jinhua, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxiang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Management, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Jinhua, 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