{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:06:08Z","timestamp":1791234368558,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]],"date-time":"2011-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1309478400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n In\n Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n , efflux-mediated erythromycin resistance is associated with the\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n gene, represented mostly by\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n (A), although a small portion of strains carry different\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n subclasses. We characterized the composite genetic elements, including\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n subclasses other than\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n (A), associated with other resistance genes in\n S. pyogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n isolates. Determination of the genetic elements was performed by PCR mapping. The strains carrying mosaic\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n (A\/E), in which the 5\u2032 region was identical to\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n (A) and the 3\u2032 region was identical to\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n (E), also carried\n tet<\/jats:italic>\n (O). The two genes were found enclosed in an element similar to\n S. pyogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n prophage \u03a6m46.1, designated the \u03a6m46.1-like element. In\n S. pyogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n strains carrying\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n (E) and\n tet<\/jats:italic>\n (M),\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n (E) was included in a typical mega element, and in some strains, it was physically associated with\n tet<\/jats:italic>\n (M) in the composite element Tn\n 2009<\/jats:italic>\n .\n S. pyogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n strains carrying\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n (I) also carried\n catQ<\/jats:italic>\n ; the two genes were linked in a fragment representing a portion of the 5216IQ complex of\n Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n , designated the defective IQ element. In the only isolate carrying a novel\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n gene, this was associated with\n catQ<\/jats:italic>\n and\n tet<\/jats:italic>\n (M) in a genetic element similar to the 5216IQ complex of\n S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n (5216IQ-like complex), suggesting that the novel\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n is in fact a variant of\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n (I). This study demonstrates that the composite elements containing\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n are shared between\n S. pyogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n and\n S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n and suggests that it is important to distinguish the\n mef<\/jats:italic>\n subclass on the basis of the genetic element containing it.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01713-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,19]],"date-time":"2011-04-19T04:25:10Z","timestamp":1303187110000},"page":"3226-3230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Genetic Resistance Elements Carrying\n mef<\/i>\n Subclasses Other than\n mef<\/i>\n (A) in Streptococcus pyogenes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Del Grosso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romina","family":"Camilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giada","family":"Barbabella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Blackman Northwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quotient Biosearch Ltd., Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quotient Biosearch Ltd., Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Pantosti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.10.4203-4209.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/379897"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01065-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00499-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh481"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01081-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00277-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01066-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.3.774-778.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.6.2037-2042.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.7.2855-2861.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2008.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"525","volume-title":"Molecular biology of streptococci","author":"Iannelli F.","year":"2007","unstructured":"IannelliF. PozziG.. 2007. Protocol for conjugal transfer of genetic elements in Streptococcus pneumoniae, p. 525\u2013529. In HakenbeckR. ChhatwalS. (ed.), Molecular biology of streptococci, vol. 21. 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