{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:05:51Z","timestamp":1792674351668,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Rifampin chemoprophylaxis against\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            infections led to the onset of rifampin resistance in clinical isolates harboring point mutations in the\n            <jats:italic>rpoB<\/jats:italic>\n            gene, coding for the RNA polymerase \u03b2 chain. These resistant strains are rare in medical practice, suggesting their decreased fitness in the human host. In this study, we isolated rifampin-resistant\n            <jats:italic>rpoB<\/jats:italic>\n            mutants from hypervirulent serogroup C strain 93\/4286 and analyzed their different properties, including the ability to grow\/survive in different culture media and in differentiated THP-1 human monocytes and to compete with the wild-type strain\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            . Our results demonstrate that different\n            <jats:italic>rpoB<\/jats:italic>\n            mutations (H553Y, H553R, and S549F) may have different effects, ranging from low- to high-cost effects, on bacterial fitness\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            . Moreover, we found that the S549F mutation confers temperature sensitivity, possibly explaining why it is observed very rarely in clinical isolates. Comparative high-throughput RNA sequencing analysis of bacteria grown in chemically defined medium demonstrated that the low-cost H553Y substitution resulted in global transcriptional changes that functionally mimic the stringent response. Interestingly, many virulence-associated genes, including those coding for meningococcal type IV pili, porin A, adhesins\/invasins, IgA protease, two-partner secretion system HrpA\/HrpB, enzymes involved in resistance to oxidative injury, lipooligosaccharide sialylation, and capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis, were downregulated in the H553Y mutant compared to their level of expression in the wild-type strain. These data might account for the reduced capacity of this mutant to grow\/survive in differentiated THP-1 cells and explain the rarity of H553Y mutants among clinical isolates.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01746-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,29]],"date-time":"2015-09-29T02:38:25Z","timestamp":1443494305000},"page":"7637-7649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Fitness Cost of Rifampin Resistance in Neisseria meningitidis:\n            <i>In Vitro<\/i>\n            Study of Mechanisms Associated with\n            <i>rpoB<\/i>\n            H553Y Mutation"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Roberta","family":"Colicchio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy"},{"name":"SDN-Foundation, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Pagliuca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Ceinge Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabiria","family":"Pastore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annunziata Gaetana","family":"Cicatiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Pagliarulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adelfia","family":"Tal\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Scaglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e8 Camilla","family":"Sammartino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Bucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Alifano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Salvatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Ceinge Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.3.728"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196909182811203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/130.3.217"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(80)91159-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/124.2.199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80471-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2006.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2009.02783.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/47.2.219"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"411","article-title":"The prevalence of nasopharyngeal Neisseria meningitidis carriage, serogroup distribution, and antibiotic resistance among healthy children in Cankaya municipality schools of Ankara Province","volume":"39","author":"Ercis S","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ercis S, K\u00f6seo\u011flu O, Salmanzadeh-Ahrabi S, Ercis M, Akin L, Has\u00e7elik C. 2005. 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