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The purpose of this study was to determine drug susceptibility profiles of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. kansasii<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates representing a spectrum of species genotypes (subtypes) with two different methodologies, i.e., broth microdilution and Etest assays. To confirm drug resistance, drug target genes were sequenced. A collection of 85\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. kansasii<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates, including representatives of eight different subtypes (I to VI, I\/II, and IIB) from eight countries, was used. Drug susceptibility against 13 and 8 antimycobacterial agents was tested by using broth microdilution and Etest, respectively. For drug-resistant or high-MIC isolates, eight structural genes (\n            <jats:italic>rrl<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>katG<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>inhA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>embB<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>rrs<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>rpsL<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>gyrB<\/jats:italic>\n            ) and one regulatory region (\n            <jats:italic>embCA<\/jats:italic>\n            ) were PCR amplified and sequenced in the search for resistance-associated mutations. All isolates tested were susceptible to rifampin (RIF), amikacin (AMK), co-trimoxazole (SXT), rifabutin (RFB), moxifloxacin (MXF), and linezolid (LZD) according to the microdilution method. Resistance to ethambutol (EMB), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and clarithromycin (CLR) was found in 83 (97.7%), 17 (20%), and 1 (1.2%) isolate, respectively. The calculated concordance between the Etest and dilution method was 22.6% for AMK, 4.8% for streptomycin (STR), 3.2% for CLR, and 1.6% for RIF. For EMB, INH, and SXT, not even a single MIC value determined by one method equaled that by the second method. The only mutations disclosed were A2266C transversion at the\n            <jats:italic>rrl<\/jats:italic>\n            gene (CLR-resistant strain) and A128G transition at the\n            <jats:italic>rpsL<\/jats:italic>\n            gene (strain with STR MIC of &gt;64 mg\/liter). In conclusion, eight drugs, including RIF, CLR, AMK, SXT, RFB, MXF, LZD, and ethionamide (ETO), showed high\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            activity against\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. kansasii<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates. Discrepancies of the results between the reference microdilution method and Etest preclude the use of the latter for drug susceptibility determination in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. kansasii<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Drug resistance in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. kansasii<\/jats:named-content>\n            may have different genetic determinants than resistance to the same drugs in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01788-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T09:44:23Z","timestamp":1517910263000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Drug Susceptibility Profiling and Genetic Determinants of Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium kansasii"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Zofia","family":"Baku\u0142a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Modrzejewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3343-6823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lian","family":"Pennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Proboszcz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Safianowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Bielecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0581-2003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakko","family":"van Ingen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Jagielski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00149212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.3.1240-1244.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2005.00013.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.14.60"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-4399(85)80012-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01971272"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45965-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp238"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2009.09.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.11.91"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.02097"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","volume-title":"CLSI document M24-A2","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2011","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2011. 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