{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:38:58Z","timestamp":1790231938945,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Mycobacterium leprae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    antimicrobial resistance has been followed with great concern during the last years, while the need for new drugs able to control leprosy and tuberculosis, mainly due to extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), is pressing. Our group recently showed that\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. leprae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is able to induce lipid body biogenesis and cholesterol accumulation in macrophages and Schwann cells, facilitating its viability and replication. Considering these previous results, we investigated the efficacies of two statins on the intracellular viability of mycobacteria within the macrophage, as well as the effect of atorvastatin on\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. leprae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infections in BALB\/c mice. We observed that intracellular mycobacteria viability decreased markedly after incubation with both statins, but atorvastatin showed the best inhibitory effect when combined with rifampin. Using Shepard's model, we observed with atorvastatin an efficacy in controlling\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. leprae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    and inflammatory infiltrate in the BALB\/c footpad, in a serum cholesterol level-dependent way. We conclude that statins contribute to macrophage-bactericidal activity against\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. leprae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    . It is likely that the association of statins with the actual multidrug therapy effectively reduces mycobacterial viability and tissue lesion in leprosy and tuberculosis patients, although epidemiological studies are still needed for confirmation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01826-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,21]],"date-time":"2014-07-21T23:15:21Z","timestamp":1405984521000},"page":"5766-5774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Statins Increase Rifampin Mycobactericidal Effect"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"L\u00edvia Silva","family":"Lobato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Celular, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia Sammarco","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Sousa Lima Institute, Department of Biology, Bauru, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica da Silva","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Celular, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur da Silva","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Celular, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlei Gomes","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micobact\u00e9rias, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de G\u00f3es, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dejair Caitano","family":"do Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Sousa Lima Institute, Department of Biology, Bauru, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cleverson Teixeira","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Sousa Lima Institute, Department of Biology, Bauru, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia Cristina Barbosa","family":"Pedrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Sousa Lima Institute, Department of Biology, Bauru, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego S\u00e1 Leal de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Celular, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia Peres","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Sousa Lima Institute, Department of Biology, Bauru, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldo Moura Batista","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Celular, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Ribeiro-Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica em HIV\/AIDS, Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana Andrea","family":"Hacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Hansen\u00edase, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milton Oz\u00f3rio","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Hansen\u00edase, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina Vidal","family":"Pessolani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Celular, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael Silva","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micobact\u00e9rias, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de G\u00f3es, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Rio de Janeiro, 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