{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:13:59Z","timestamp":1785413639132,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10001529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10001529"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["211422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211422"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006447","name":"Universit\u00e4t Z\u00fcrich","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["non-restricted research funding"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["non-restricted research funding"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006447","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are a major public health concern. Within the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                      complex (ECC), the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>VIM-1<\/jats:sub>\n                      carbapenemase gene is frequently plasmid-borne, enabling inter-clonal and inter-species spread that complicates the detection and control of carbapenemase dissemination. We investigated an increase in VIM-1-producing\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. reported to the Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA) between 2022 and 2024 using high-resolution genomic methods. Between January 2022 and October 2024,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>VIM-1<\/jats:sub>\n                      -positive\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. isolates from 39 patients, plus additional contemporary\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>VIM-1<\/jats:sub>\n                      -positive Enterobacterales, were analyzed. Whole-genome sequencing (Illumina) was performed for all isolates, with long-read sequencing (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) for 12 selected isolates. Species identification, genomic relatedness by MLST and cgMLST, and fine-scale plasmid characterization and comparison were performed. Most isolates were\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacter hormaechei<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 37), alongside\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacter kobei<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacter ludwigii<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1), distributed across 13 sequence types, excluding purely clonal dissemination. Hybrid assemblies showed\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>VIM-1<\/jats:sub>\n                      located on several plasmid types. IncHI2 plasmids of 249\u2013343 kb carrying additional antimicrobial resistance promoting genes including\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mcr-9<\/jats:italic>\n                      predominated, spanning multiple ECC lineages and also present in two other species. Conjugation of these was confirmed experimentally, and within-host plasmid variation was observed. No further cases occurred after October 2024. We describe a multiclonal spread of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>VIM-1<\/jats:sub>\n                      Enterobacterales in Switzerland, mediated by IncHI2 plasmids. These findings highlight the need for plasmid-focused genomic surveillance to complement clonal typing in CPE outbreak investigations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01827-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T13:00:53Z","timestamp":1777986053000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigation of VIM-1-producing\n                    <i>Enterobacter<\/i>\n                    spp. across Switzerland: clonal dissemination and plasmid transmission"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6082-5114","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Helena M. 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