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Worldwide, dissemination of CRAB is associated with the Clonal Complex 2 (CC2); in South America, however, CC1, 15, 25, and 79 are the most prevalent clones. In July 2020, our reference laboratory received the first CC2 isolates from a COVID-19 hospital, and, in the following months, this clone was detected in 15 other Brazilian institutions. To understand the clonal structure of this emerging pathogen, we characterize 89 isolates by whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Disk diffusion revealed resistance to all beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, folate pathway antagonists, and tetracyclines, but susceptibility to polymyxin B. Resistome analysis identified diverse antimicrobial resistance genes, including the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>OXA-23<\/jats:sub>\n                      associated with Tn\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">2006<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">armA<\/jats:italic>\n                      in AbGRI3, conferring resistance to beta-lactams and aminoglycosides, respectively. Fine-scale phylogeny based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed that Brazilian CRAB CC2 isolates were closely related, presenting up to 755 SNPs in pairwise comparison. We did not observe hospital-specific subclones, indicating multiple introductions and\/or inter-hospital dissemination. This study reports the rapid arrival and spread of CRAB CC2 isolates in multiple hospitals, likely driven by infection control deficiencies experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01865-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T12:00:50Z","timestamp":1753272050000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Emergence of carbapenem-resistant\n                    <i>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/i>\n                    clonal complex 2 in multiple hospitals in S\u00e3o Paulo state, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Amanda Yaeko","family":"Yamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wna9e57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Bacteriology Division, Instituto Adolfo Lutz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreia Rodrigues","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wna9e57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Bacteriology Division, Instituto Adolfo Lutz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine","family":"Madalosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Vigil\u00e2ncia Epidemiol\u00f3gica","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise Brand\u00e3o","family":"de Assis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Vigil\u00e2ncia Epidemiol\u00f3gica","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia Aparecida de Moraes","family":"Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Vigil\u00e2ncia Epidemiol\u00f3gica VIII","place":["Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlon Benedito Nascimento","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wna9e57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Strategic Laboratory, Rapid Response Center, Instituto Adolfo Lutz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karoline Rodrigues","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wna9e57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Strategic Laboratory, Rapid Response Center, Instituto Adolfo Lutz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio Tavares","family":"Sacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wna9e57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Strategic Laboratory, Rapid Response Center, Instituto Adolfo Lutz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique Ribeiro","family":"Tiba-Casas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wna9e57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Bacteriology Division, Instituto Adolfo Lutz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eneas","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01whwkf30","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Butantan","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6834-0085","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carlos Henrique","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wna9e57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Bacteriology Division, Instituto Adolfo Lutz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00181-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","volume-title":"WHO bacterial priority pathogens list, 2024: bacterial pathogens of public health importance to guide research, development and strategies to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance","author":"WHO","year":"2024","unstructured":"WHO. 2024. 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