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New chemotherapy has been eagerly awaited due to severe side effects and the drug resistance issues plaguing current drugs. Recently, there has been an emphasis on the use of medicinal plants worldwide.\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Morinda lucida<\/jats:named-content>\n            Benth. is a popular medicinal plant widely distributed in Africa, and several research groups have reported on the antiprotozoal activities of this plant. In this study, we identified three novel tetracyclic iridoids, molucidin, ML-2-3, and ML-F52, from the CHCl\n            <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n            fraction of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. lucida<\/jats:named-content>\n            leaves, which possess activity against the GUTat 3.1 strain of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">T. brucei brucei<\/jats:named-content>\n            . The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            ) of molucidin, ML-2-3, and ML-F52 were 1.27 \u03bcM, 3.75 \u03bcM, and 0.43 \u03bcM, respectively. ML-2-3 and ML-F52 suppressed the expression of paraflagellum rod protein subunit 2, PFR-2, and caused cell cycle alteration, which preceded apoptosis induction in the bloodstream form of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Trypanosoma<\/jats:named-content>\n            parasites. Novel tetracyclic iridoids may be promising lead compounds for the development of new chemotherapies for African trypanosomal infections in humans and animals.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01916-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]],"date-time":"2016-03-08T03:39:18Z","timestamp":1457408358000},"page":"3283-3290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Antitrypanosomal Activities and Mechanisms of Action of Novel Tetracyclic Iridoids from Morinda lucida Benth"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Kofi D.","family":"Kwofie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Huu","family":"Tung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical 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