{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T07:25:02Z","timestamp":1791271502127,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,14]],"date-time":"2014-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Conventional 48-h\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            susceptibility tests have low sensitivity in identifying artemisinin-resistant\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n            , defined phenotypically by low\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            parasite clearance rates. We hypothesized originally that this discrepancy was explained by a loss of ring-stage susceptibility and so developed a simple field-adapted 24-h trophozoite maturation inhibition (TMI) assay focusing on the ring stage and compared it to the standard 48-h schizont maturation inhibition (WHO) test. In Pailin, western Cambodia, where artemisinin-resistant\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n            is prevalent, the TMI test mean (95% confidence interval) 50% inhibitory concentration (IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            ) for artesunate was 6.8 (5.2 to 8.3) ng\/ml compared with 1.5 (1.2 to 1.8) ng\/ml for the standard 48-h WHO test (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.001). TMI IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            s correlated significantly with the\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            responses to artesunate (parasite clearance time [\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.44,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.001] and parasite clearance half-life [\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.46,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.001]), whereas the standard 48-h test values did not. On continuous culture of two resistant isolates, the artemisinin-resistant phenotype was lost after 6 weeks (IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            s fell from 10 and 12 ng\/ml to 2.7 and 3 ng\/ml, respectively). Slow parasite clearance in falciparum malaria in western Cambodia results from reduced ring-stage susceptibility.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01924-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]],"date-time":"2014-03-25T05:38:21Z","timestamp":1395725901000},"page":"3157-3161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Laboratory Detection of Artemisinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Kesinee","family":"Chotivanich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford University Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupam","family":"Tripura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford University Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debashish","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford University Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poravuth","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Center for Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas P. J.","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford University Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasithon","family":"Pukrittayakamee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford University Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Char Meng","family":"Chuor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Center for Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duong","family":"Socheat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Center for Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjen M.","family":"Dondorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford University Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford University Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"13","volume-title":"WC 770","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2010. Guidelines for the treatment of malaria, 2nd ed, p 13\u201347. WC 770. 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