{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:57:17Z","timestamp":1790773037164,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]],"date-time":"2013-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            has been frequently associated with nosocomial infections. Efflux systems are ubiquitous transporters that also function in drug resistance. Genome analysis of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            strain NTUH-K2044 revealed the presence of \u223c15 putative drug efflux systems. We discuss here for the first time the characterization of a putative SMR-type efflux pump, an\n            <jats:italic>ebrAB<\/jats:italic>\n            homolog (denoted here as\n            <jats:italic>kpnEF<\/jats:italic>\n            ) with respect to\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Klebsiella<\/jats:named-content>\n            physiology and the multidrug-resistant phenotype. Analysis of hypermucoviscosity revealed direct involvement of\n            <jats:italic>kpnEF<\/jats:italic>\n            in capsule synthesis. The \u0394\n            <jats:italic>kpnEF<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant displayed higher sensitivity to hyperosmotic (\u223c2.8-fold) and high bile (\u223c4.0-fold) concentrations. Mutation in\n            <jats:italic>kpnEF<\/jats:italic>\n            resulted in increased susceptibility to cefepime, ceftriaxone, colistin, erythromycin, rifampin, tetracycline, and streptomycin; mutated strains changed from being resistant to being susceptible, and the resistance was restored upon complementation. The \u0394\n            <jats:italic>kpnEF<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant displayed enhanced sensitivity toward structurally related compounds such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, deoxycholate, and dyes, including clinically relevant disinfectants such as benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine, and triclosan. The prevalence of\n            <jats:italic>kpnEF<\/jats:italic>\n            in clinical strains broadens the diversity of antibiotic resistance in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Experimental evidence of CpxR binding to the efflux pump promoter and quantification of its expression in a\n            <jats:italic>cpxAR<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant background demonstrated\n            <jats:italic>kpnEF<\/jats:italic>\n            to be a member of the Cpx regulon. This study helps to elucidate the unprecedented biological functions of the SMR-type efflux pump in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Klebsiella<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02284-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,9]],"date-time":"2013-07-09T02:42:23Z","timestamp":1373337743000},"page":"4449-4462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":204,"title":["KpnEF, a New Member of the Klebsiella pneumoniae Cell Envelope Stress Response Regulon, Is an SMR-Type Efflux Pump Involved in Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Vijaya Bharathi","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Council of Scientific Industrial Research\u2013Institute of Microbial Technology, Bacterial Signaling and Drug Resistance Laboratory, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Govindan","family":"Rajamohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Council of Scientific Industrial Research\u2013Institute of Microbial Technology, Bacterial Signaling and Drug Resistance Laboratory, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1464"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.2.382-402.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2003.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.64.4.672-693.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2007.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02462.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.12.6856"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.9.2543-2545.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.31.516"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00748-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-9-140"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.8.2311-2313.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.8.2307-2310.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M900182200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.11.4.589"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0195941700062640"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SMJ.0b013e3181fd7d5a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70054-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00315-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00715-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2012.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.30.1962"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.29.550"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033777"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041505"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030857"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018902"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00356-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00837-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","volume-title":"Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically; approved standard M7-A7","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2006","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2006. 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