{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T00:19:14Z","timestamp":1790900354469,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The recent reports of resistance in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n            to artemisinin derivatives and their partner drugs demand intensive studies toward understanding the molecular mechanisms of resistance. In this study, we examined the\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            susceptibility of 63\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n            field isolates collected from the China-Myanmar border area to chloroquine (CQ) and piperaquine (PPQ). Parasite isolates remained highly resistant to CQ, with the geometric mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            ) of 252.7 nM and a range of 51.9 to 1,052.0 nM. In comparison, these parasites had a geometric mean IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            of 28.4 nM for PPQ, with a fairly wide range of 5.3 to 132.0 nM, suggesting that certain parasite isolates displayed relatively high levels of resistance to PPQ. Interestingly, within the 4 years of study, the parasites exhibited a continuous decline in susceptibilities to both CQ and PPQ, and there was a significant correlation between responses to CQ and PPQ (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.79,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.0001). Consistent with the CQ-resistant phenotype, all parasites carried the\n            <jats:italic>pfcrt<\/jats:italic>\n            K76T mutation, and most parasites had the CVIET type that is prevalent in Southeast Asia. In contrast,\n            <jats:italic>pfmdr1<\/jats:italic>\n            mutations were relatively rare, and no gene amplification was detected. Only the\n            <jats:italic>pfmdr1<\/jats:italic>\n            N1042D mutation was associated with resistance to CQ. For the\n            <jats:italic>pfmrp1<\/jats:italic>\n            gene, four substitutions reached relatively high prevalence of &gt;22%, and the I876V mutation was associated with reduced sensitivity to CQ. However, we could not establish a link between PPQ responses and the polymorphisms in the three genes associated with quinoline drug resistance.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02306-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,29]],"date-time":"2013-01-29T02:24:16Z","timestamp":1359426256000},"page":"1723-1729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["<i>In Vitro<\/i>\n            Sensitivities of Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from the China-Myanmar Border to Piperaquine and Association with Polymorphisms in Candidate Genes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Mingming","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongshu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kexuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongbin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoqing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liwang","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.181"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000186848.46417.6c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70079-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808859"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0805011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16767-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/647988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2006.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01786.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01671.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68931-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11203910-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200565010-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"163","article-title":"In vivo sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to piperaquine phosphate assayed in Linshui and Baisha counties, Hainan Province","volume":"7","author":"Lan CX","year":"1989","unstructured":"LanCX LinX HuangZS ChenYS GuoRN. 1989. In vivo sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to piperaquine phosphate assayed in Linshui and Baisha counties, Hainan Province. Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis. 7:163\u2013165.","journal-title":"Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"198","article-title":"Sensitivity in vitro of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, pyronaridine, artesunate, and piperaquine in south Yunnan","volume":"10","author":"Yang HL","year":"1992","unstructured":"YangHL YangPF LiuDQ LiuRJ DongY ZhangCY CaoDQ HeH. 1992. Sensitivity in vitro of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, pyronaridine, artesunate, and piperaquine in south Yunnan. Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis. 10:198\u2013200.","journal-title":"Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"460","article-title":"In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, piperaquine, pyronaridine, and artesunate in Yuxi prefecture of Yunnan province","volume":"16","author":"Fan B","year":"1998","unstructured":"FanB ZhaoW MaX HuangZ WenY YangJ YangZ. 1998. In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, piperaquine, pyronaridine, and artesunate in Yuxi prefecture of Yunnan province. Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis. 16:460\u2013462.","journal-title":"Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"43","article-title":"Assay of sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, amodiaquine, piperaquine, mefloquine and quinine in Yunnan province","volume":"17","author":"Yang H","year":"1999","unstructured":"YangH LiuD HuangK YangY YangP LiaoM ZhangC. 1999. Assay of sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, amodiaquine, piperaquine, mefloquine and quinine in Yunnan province. Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis. 17:43\u201345.","journal-title":"Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","first-page":"165","article-title":"Susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, piperaquine, amodiaquine, mefloquine and quinine with in vitro microtechnique in Hainan Island","volume":"5","author":"Zhang KY","year":"1987","unstructured":"ZhangKY ZhouJX WuZ HuangQL. 1987. Susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, piperaquine, amodiaquine, mefloquine and quinine with in vitro microtechnique in Hainan Island. Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis. 5:165\u2013169.","journal-title":"Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","first-page":"111","article-title":"Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to seven antimalarials in China-Laos border","volume":"13","author":"Yang H","year":"1995","unstructured":"YangH LiuD DongY YangP LiuR ZhangB ZhangC. 1995. Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to seven antimalarials in China-Laos border. Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis. 13:111\u2013113.","journal-title":"Chin. J. Parasitol. Parasitic Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.4.1391-1394.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02463.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01479-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01656-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00183-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-11-45"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00638-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01412-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01793-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06350-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00321-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2012.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.5.1803-1806.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.667"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502979"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00091-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/503423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1405.071601"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(00)90080-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00555-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(03)90127-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030927"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(98)00217-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/522985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-198"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01413-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04035.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/606009"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.02306-12","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.02306-12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T22:23:17Z","timestamp":1645482197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.02306-12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.02306-12"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.02306-12","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-11-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-01-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-03-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}