{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:23:27Z","timestamp":1791933807725,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We employed an endpoint genotyping method to update the prevalence rate of positivity for the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H mutation (a 34-bp tandem repeat mutation in the promoter region of the\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            gene in combination with a substitution at codon L98) and the TR\n            <jats:sub>46<\/jats:sub>\n            \/Y121F\/T289A mutation (a 46-bp tandem repeat mutation in the promoter region of the\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            gene in combination with substitutions at codons Y121 and T289) among clinical\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates obtained from different regions of Iran over a recent 5-year period (2010 to 2014). The antifungal activities of itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole against 172 clinical\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates were investigated using the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) broth microdilution method. For the isolates with an azole resistance phenotype, the\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            gene and its promoter were amplified and sequenced. In addition, using a LightCycler 480 real-time PCR system, a novel endpoint genotyping analysis method targeting single-nucleotide polymorphisms was evaluated to detect the L98H and Y121F mutations in the\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            gene of all isolates. Of the 172\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates tested, the MIC values of itraconazole (\u226516 mg\/liter) and voriconazole (&gt;4 mg\/liter) were high for 6 (3.5%). Quantitative analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms showed the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H mutation in the\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            genes of six isolates. No isolates harboring the TR\n            <jats:sub>46<\/jats:sub>\n            \/Y121F\/T289A mutation were detected. DNA sequencing of the\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            gene confirmed the results of the novel endpoint genotyping method. By microsatellite typing, all of the azole-resistant isolates had genotypes different from those previously recovered from Iran and from the Dutch TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H controls. In conclusion, there was not a significant increase in the prevalence of azole-resistant\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates harboring the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H resistance mechanism among isolates recovered over a recent 5-year period (2010 to 2014) in Iran. A quantitative assay detecting a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            gene of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            is a reliable tool for the rapid screening and monitoring of TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H- and TR\n            <jats:sub>46<\/jats:sub>\n            \/Y121F\/T289A-positive isolates and can easily be incorporated into clinical mycology algorithms.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02326-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,3]],"date-time":"2015-11-03T01:35:21Z","timestamp":1446514521000},"page":"387-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Quantitative Analysis of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism for Rapid Detection of TR\n            <sub>34<\/sub>\n            \/L98H- and TR\n            <sub>46<\/sub>\n            \/Y121F\/T289A-Positive Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates Obtained from Patients in Iran from 2010 to 2014"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Faezeh","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Hygiene &amp; Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Jamal","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Hygiene &amp; Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Zoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem J. G.","family":"Melchers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haleh","family":"Rafati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parvin","family":"Dehghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasan","family":"Rezaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Hygiene &amp; Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Tolooe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yalda","family":"Tamadon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrich A.","family":"van der Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Verweij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the 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