{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T23:10:58Z","timestamp":1790118658275,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A noncovalent, water-soluble complex of amphotericin B (AMB) and poly(\u03b1-glutamic acid) (PGA), with AMB loadings ranging from 25 to 55% (wt\/wt) using PGA with a molecular weight range of 50,000 to 70,000, was prepared as a potential new treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The AMB-PGA complex was shown to be as active as Fungizone (AMB deoxycholate) against intracellular\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Leishmania donovani<\/jats:named-content>\n            amastigotes in differentiated THP-1 cells. The\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            uptake of the AMB-PGA complex by differentiated THP-1 cells was similar to that of Fungizone and higher than that of AmBisome (liposomal AMB). The AMB-PGA complex also displayed a dose-response profile similar to that of AmBisome\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            in BALB\/c mice against\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">L. donovani<\/jats:named-content>\n            , with 50% effective doses (ED\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            s) of 0.24 \u00b1 0.03 mg\/kg of body weight for the AMB-PGA complex and 0.24 \u00b1 0.06 mg\/kg for AmBisome. A biodistribution study with mice indicated that the AMB-PGA complex cleared more rapidly from plasma than AmBisome, with a comparable low level of distribution to the kidneys.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02343-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,25]],"date-time":"2013-06-25T02:01:36Z","timestamp":1372125696000},"page":"4608-4614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Antileishmanial Activity, Uptake, and Biodistribution of an Amphotericin B and Poly(\u03b1-Glutamic Acid) Complex"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Abeer H. A.","family":"Mohamed-Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Seifert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Yardley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hollie","family":"Burrell-Saward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Brocchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon L.","family":"Croft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Control of the leishmaniases. 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