{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:17:18Z","timestamp":1747189038777,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pneumococcal meningitis (PM) causes neurological sequelae in up to half of surviving patients. Neuronal damage associated with poor outcome is largely mediated by the inflammatory host response. Dexamethasone (DXM) is used as an adjuvant therapy in adult PM, but its efficacy in the treatment of pneumococcal meningitis in children is controversially discussed. While DXM has previously been shown to enhance hippocampal apoptosis in experimental PM, its impact on hippocampal cell proliferation is not known. This study investigated the impact of DXM on hippocampal proliferation in infant rat PM. Eleven-day-old nursing Wistar rats (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 90) were intracisternally infected with<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>to induce experimental meningitis. Treatment with DXM or vehicle was started 18 h after infection, concomitantly with antibiotics (ceftriaxone 100 mg\/kg of body weight twice a day [b.i.d.]). Clinical parameters were monitored, and the amount of cells with proliferating activity was assessed using<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and an<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>neurosphere culture system at 3 and 4 d postinfection. DXM significantly worsened weight loss and survival. Density of BrdU-positive cells, as an index of cells with proliferating activity, was significantly lower in DXM-treated animals compared to vehicle controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.0001). In parallel, DXM reduced neurosphere formation as an index for stem\/progenitor cell density compared to vehicle treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.01). Our findings provide clear evidence that DXM exerts an antiproliferative effect on the hippocampus in infant rat PM. We conclude that an impairment of regenerative hippocampal capacity should be taken into account when considering adjuvant DXM in the therapeutic regimen for PM in children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02429-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]],"date-time":"2016-01-12T03:49:28Z","timestamp":1452570568000},"page":"1841-1846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Inhibition of Hippocampal Regeneration by Adjuvant Dexamethasone in Experimental Infant Rat Pneumococcal Meningitis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Lia","family":"Bally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Grandgirard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1106-6123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen L.","family":"Leib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1005384"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"339","article-title":"Modulation of inflammation in bacterial meningitis","volume":"30","author":"Tuomanen E","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tuomanen E. 1994. Modulation of inflammation in bacterial meningitis. Isr J Med Sci 30:339\u2013341.","journal-title":"Isr J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(05)70093-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-996-0023-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"CD004405","article-title":"Corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis","volume":"6","author":"Brouwer MC","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brouwer MC, McIntyre P, Prasad K, van de Beek D. 2013. Corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis. 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