{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:56:53Z","timestamp":1783043813457,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]],"date-time":"2017-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur","award":["2012\/PIP\/003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012\/PIP\/003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            In visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the host macrophages generate oxidative stress to destroy the pathogen, while\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Leishmania<\/jats:named-content>\n            combats the harmful effect of radicals by redox homeostasis through its unique trypanothione cascade.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Leishmania donovani<\/jats:named-content>\n            ascorbate peroxidase (LdAPx) is a redox enzyme that regulates the trypanothione cascade and detoxifies the effect of H\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            O\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            . The absence of an LdAPx homologue in humans makes it an excellent drug target. In this study, the homology model of LdAPx was built, including heme, and diverse compounds were prefiltered (PAINS, ADMET, and Lipinski's rule of five) and thereafter screened against the LdAPx model. Compounds having good affinity in terms of the Glide XP (extra precision) score were clustered to select diverse compounds for experimental validation. A total of 26 cluster representatives were procured and tested on promastigote culture, yielding 12 compounds with good antileishmanial activity. Out of them, six compounds were safer on the BALB\/c peritoneal macrophages and were also effective against disease-causing intracellular amastigotes. Three out of six compounds inhibited recombinant LdAPx in a noncompetitive manner and also demonstrated partial reversion of the resistance property in an amphotericin B (AmB)-resistant strain, which may be due to an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease of glutathione (GSH) content. However, inhibition of LdAPx in resistant parasites enhanced annexin V staining and activation of metacaspase-like protease activity, which may help in DNA fragmentation and apoptosis-like cell death. Thus, the present study will help in the search for specific hits and templates of potential therapeutic interest and therefore may facilitate the development of new drugs for combination therapy against VL.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02429-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]],"date-time":"2017-05-02T00:20:41Z","timestamp":1493684441000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["<i>In Vitro<\/i>\n            Evaluation of Antileishmanial Activity of Computationally Screened Compounds against Ascorbate Peroxidase To Combat Amphotericin B Drug Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Rani","family":"Mansuri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Informatics, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (Indian Council of Medical Research), Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Parasitology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (Indian Council of Medical Research), Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sindhuprava","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Informatics, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (Indian Council of Medical Research), Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhavana","family":"Panthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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