{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T08:43:43Z","timestamp":1765961023520,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Major Projects for Major New Drugs Innovation and Development","award":["2017ZX09304029-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017ZX09304029-002"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars"},{"name":"Young Scholars Program of Shandong University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Cefotaxime is the first-line treatment for meningitis in neonates and young infants. However, limited data on cefotaxime cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations in neonates and young infants were available. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the penetration of cefotaxime into CSF in neonates and young infants. Blood and CSF samples were collected from neonates and young infants treated with cefotaxime using an opportunistic pharmacokinetic sampling strategy, and concentrations were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The analysis was performed using NONMEM and R software. Thirty neonates and young infants (postmenstrual age range, 25.4 to 47.4 weeks) were included. A total of 67 plasma samples and 30 CSF samples were available for analysis. Cefotaxime plasma and CSF concentrations ranged from 2.30 to 175.42 mg\/liter and from 0.39 to 25.38 mg\/liter, respectively. The median ratio of the CSF concentration to the plasma concentration was 0.28 (range, 0.06 to 0.76). Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated that 88.4% and 63.9% of hypothetical neonates treated with 50 mg\/kg of body weight three times a day (TID) would reach the pharmacodynamic target (the percentage of the dosing interval that the free antimicrobial drug concentration remains above the MIC, 70%) using the standard EUCAST MIC susceptibility breakpoints of 2 mg\/liter and 4 mg\/liter, respectively. The penetration of cefotaxime into the CSF of neonates and young infants was evaluated using an opportunistic sampling approach. A dosage regimen of 50 mg\/kg TID could cover the most causative pathogens with MICs of &lt;2 mg\/liter. Individual dosage adaptation was required for more resistant bacterial strains, such as\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02448-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T09:45:53Z","timestamp":1517910353000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Penetration of Cefotaxime into Cerebrospinal Fluid in Neonates and Young Infants"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Xing-Kai","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai-Yan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Leroux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai-Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evelyne","family":"Jacqz-Aigrain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, H\u00f4pital Robert Debr\u00e9, APHP, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.69.1_Spec_No.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","volume-title":"Pocket book of hospital care for children: guidelines for the management of common illness with limited resources","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2005","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2005. 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Goldman-Cecil medicine, 25th ed. Elsevier, New York, NY.","edition":"25"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","volume-title":"Bradley's neurology in clinical practice","author":"Daroff RB","year":"2012","unstructured":"Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC. 2012. Bradley's neurology in clinical practice, 6th ed. Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.","edition":"6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1915"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01045-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e31820f40f8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-013-0057-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","unstructured":"European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 2016. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. http:\/\/www.eucast.org\/fileadmin\/src\/media\/PDFs\/EUCAST_files\/Breakpoint_tables\/v_6.0_Breakpoint_table.pdf."}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.02448-17","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.02448-17","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T21:06:49Z","timestamp":1645477609000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.02448-17"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.02448-17"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.02448-17","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0066-4804"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1098-6596"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-11-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-01-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02448-17"}}