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In the ascigerous\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Pneumocystis<\/jats:named-content>\n            species, treatment with these drugs depletes the ascus life cycle stage, which contains BG, but large numbers of forms which do not express BG remain in the infected lungs. In the present study, the gene expression profiles of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Pneumocystis murina<\/jats:named-content>\n            were compared between infected, untreated mice and mice treated with anidulafungin for 2 weeks to understand the metabolism of the persisting forms. Almost 80 genes were significantly up- or downregulated. Like other fungi exposed to echinocandins, genes associated with sexual replication, cell wall integrity, cell cycle arrest, and stress comprised the strongest upregulated signals in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. murina<\/jats:named-content>\n            from the treated mice. The upregulation of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. murina<\/jats:named-content>\n            \u03b2-1,3-\n            <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n            -glucan endohydrolase and endo-1,3-glucanase was notable and may explain the disappearance of the existing asci in the lungs of treated mice since both enzymes can degrade BG. The biochemical measurement of BG in the lungs of treated mice and fluorescence microscopy with an anti-BG antibody supported the loss of BG. Downregulated signals included genes involved in cell replication, genome stability, and ribosomal biogenesis and function and the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Pneumocystis<\/jats:named-content>\n            -specific genes encoding the major surface glycoproteins (Msg). These studies suggest that\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. murina<\/jats:named-content>\n            attempted to undergo sexual replication in response to a stressed environment and was halted in any type of proliferative cycle, likely due to a lack of BG. Asci appear to be a required part of the life cycle stage of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Pneumocystis<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and BG may be needed to facilitate progression through the life cycle via sexual replication.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02513-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]],"date-time":"2018-02-23T10:06:46Z","timestamp":1519380406000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Gene Expression of Pneumocystis murina after Treatment with Anidulafungin Results in Strong Signals for Sexual Reproduction, Cell Wall Integrity, and Cell Cycle Arrest, Indicating a Requirement for Ascus Formation for Proliferation"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6621-2784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie T.","family":"Cushion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"The Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8373-439X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alan","family":"Ashbaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keeley","family":"Hendrix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Linke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5919-129X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikeya","family":"Tisdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7461-0704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven G.","family":"Sayson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3202-5099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksey","family":"Porollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12477"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ814"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008524"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00547-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000471"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M705856200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-015-1879-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.2.741-746.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M807990200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.1788"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26980-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"151S","article-title":"Treatment and prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and further elucidation of the P. carinii life cycle with 1,3-beta-glucan synthesis inhibitor L-671,329","volume":"38","author":"Schmatz DM","year":"1991","unstructured":"Schmatz DM, Powles M, McFadden DC, Pittarelli LA, Liberator PA, Anderson JW. 1991. 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