{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T15:04:31Z","timestamp":1790262271709,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["310030_146162"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_146162"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Intracellular schizonts of the apicomplexans\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Theileria annulata<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Theileria parva<\/jats:named-content>\n            immortalize bovine leukocytes and thereby cause fatal diseases. The hydroxynaphthoquinone buparvaquone is currently the only option for the treatment of theileriosis, and resistance development has been reported. It is therefore tempting to investigate the repurposing of compounds effective against related apicomplexan parasites, such as\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Here, we present the results of a screen of 400 compounds included in the open-access Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) malaria box on TaC12 cells, a macrophage-derived cell line immortalized by\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">T. annulata<\/jats:named-content>\n            schizonts. Using a combination of the classical alamarBlue vitality assay and a recently developed quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time PCR method based on the\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Theileria<\/jats:named-content>\n            TaSP gene, we have identified 5 compounds, characterized their effects on the ultrastructure of TaC12 cells, and investigated whether they easily induce resistance formation. Two compounds, the quinolinols MMV666022 and MMV666054, have 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            s) of 0.5 and 0.2 \u03bcM on TaC12 cells and 5.3 and 5.2 \u03bcM on BoMac cells, respectively. Thus, with therapeutic indexes of 11 and 18, they represent promising leads for further development of antitheilerial chemotherapeutics.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02801-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,15]],"date-time":"2016-03-15T02:49:37Z","timestamp":1458010177000},"page":"3301-3308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["<i>In Vitro<\/i>\n            Screening of the Open-Source Medicines for Malaria Venture Malaria Box Reveals Novel Compounds with Profound Activities against Theileria annulata Schizonts"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Isabel","family":"Hostettler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Hemphill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2014.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2015.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-194"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2007.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000060066"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"Control of tropical theileriosis (Theileria annulata infection) of cattle","volume":"32","author":"Brown CG","year":"1990","unstructured":"Brown CG. 1990. Control of tropical theileriosis (Theileria annulata infection) of cattle. Parasitologia 32:23\u201331.","journal-title":"Parasitologia"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000058376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(18)31760-0","article-title":"Treatment of Theileria annulata infection in calves with parvaquone","volume":"39","author":"McHardy N","year":"1985","unstructured":"McHardy N, Morgan DW. 1985. Treatment of Theileria annulata infection in calves with parvaquone. 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