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To better understand the process of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            biofilm formation and dispersal, we screened 1,120 off-patent FDA-approved drugs and identified several that modulate\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Listeria<\/jats:named-content>\n            biofilm development. Among the hits were more than 30 \u03b2-lactam antibiotics, with effects ranging from inhibiting (\u226450%) to stimulating (\u2265200%) biofilm formation compared to control. Most \u03b2-lactams also dispersed a substantial proportion of established biofilms. This phenotype did not necessarily involve killing, as &gt;50% dispersal could be achieved with concentrations as low as 1\/20 of the MIC of some cephalosporins. Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) profiling using a fluorescent penicillin analogue showed similar inhibition patterns for most \u03b2-lactams, except that biofilm-stimulatory drugs did not bind PBPD1, a low-molecular-weight\n            <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n            ,\n            <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n            -carboxypeptidase. Compared to the wild type, a\n            <jats:italic>pbpD1<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant had an attenuated biofilm response to stimulatory \u03b2-lactams. The cephalosporin-responsive CesRK two-component regulatory system, whose regulon includes PBPs, was not required for the response. The requirement for PBPD1 activity for \u03b2-lactam stimulation of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            biofilms shows that the specific set of PBPs that are inactivated by a particular drug dictates whether a protective biofilm response is provoked.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.03671-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]],"date-time":"2014-08-19T05:54:44Z","timestamp":1408427684000},"page":"6508-6517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Role of PBPD1 in Stimulation of Listeria monocytogenes Biofilm Formation by Subminimal Inhibitory \u03b2-Lactam Concentrations"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Uyen T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and the Michael G. 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