{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:20:21Z","timestamp":1790706021034,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Colicin-mediated killing is an example of allelopathy, which has been found among several bacteria. Screening of 42 strains of\n Shigella sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n isolated from diarrheal patients revealed that 39 (93%)\n S. sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n strains were positive for colicin production against\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:named-content>\n DH5\u03b1. In the PCR-based detection of the colicin types, 36 (92.3%) were identified as E3, 2 (5.1%) as E3 and E8, and 1 (2.6%) as E3 and E2. Representative\n S. sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n strains producing heterologous colicins exhibited antagonism against diarrheagenic\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:named-content>\n (DEC) groups. Although it is known that mutation in the colicin receptor renders the host resistant to colicin, there is a dearth of information on the genetic characterization of such mutants. In the fluctuation test, colicin-resistant\n E. coli<\/jats:named-content>\n mutants were found to occur spontaneously at the rates of 2.51 \u00d7 10\n \u22128<\/jats:sup>\n and 5.52 \u00d7 10\n \u22128<\/jats:sup>\n per generation when exposed to colicins E3 and E8 and colicins E3 and E2, respectively. Genotypic characterization of colicin-resistant\n E. coli<\/jats:named-content>\n (EC\n Cr<\/jats:sup>\n ) and\n S. sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n (SS\n Cr<\/jats:sup>\n ) strains displayed mutations in the\n btuB<\/jats:italic>\n gene, which encodes the receptor for vitamin B\n 12<\/jats:sub>\n uptake. This gene was interrupted by various insertion sequences, such as IS\n 1<\/jats:italic>\n , IS\n 2<\/jats:italic>\n , and IS\n 911<\/jats:italic>\n . Complementation of EC\n Cr<\/jats:sup>\n and SS\n Cr<\/jats:sup>\n with plasmid-borne\n btuB<\/jats:italic>\n (p\n btuB<\/jats:italic>\n ) accomplished restoration of the colicin-susceptible phenotype. The vitamin B\n 12<\/jats:sub>\n uptake assay gave an insight into the physiological relevance of the\n btuB<\/jats:italic>\n mutation. Our studies provide insights into the latent influence of\n S. sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n colicins in governing the existence of some of the shigellae and all of the DEC and the genetic mechanism underlying the emergence of resistance.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.04122-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,21]],"date-time":"2014-10-21T02:43:11Z","timestamp":1413859391000},"page":"152-158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Activity Spectrum of Colicins Produced by Shigella sonnei and Genetic Mechanism of Colicin Resistance in Conspecific S. sonnei Strains and Escherichia coli"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Fatema","family":"Calcuttawala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chellaram","family":"Hariharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gururaja P.","family":"Pazhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santanu","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thandavarayan","family":"Ramamurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.1996.0292"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/tpbi.1999.1448"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28690-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2010.90"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822002000300001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2454"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2411296"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00036-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.115.2.506-513.1973"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02504-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.161.3.904-908.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-142-7-1569"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2008.00114.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400060289"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-0276108062013008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.15.4919-4928.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","first-page":"530","article-title":"Colicin Js of Shigella sonnei: classification of type colicin \u201c7.\u201d","volume":"263","author":"Smarda J","year":"1987","unstructured":"Smarda J, Petrzelova J, Vyskot B. 1987. 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