{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T13:34:33Z","timestamp":1772804073652,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We conducted an open-label, steady-state pharmacokinetic (PK) study of drug-drug interactions between depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and twice-daily lopinavir (LPV) plus low-dose ritonavir (RTV) (LPV\/r) among 24 HIV-infected women and compared the results to those for HIV-infected women receiving DMPA while on no antiretroviral therapy or on nucleosides only (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 14 subjects from the control arm of AIDS Clinical Trials Group [ACTG] study 5093). The objectives of the study were to address the effect of LPV\/r on DMPA and to address the effect of DMPA on LPV\/r therapy. PK parameters were estimated using noncompartmental analysis with between-group comparisons of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) PKs and within-subject comparisons of LPV and RTV PKs before and 4 weeks after DMPA dosing. Plasma progesterone concentrations were measured every 2 weeks after DMPA dosing through week 12. Although the MPA area under the concentration-time curve and maximum concentration of drug in plasma were statistically significantly increased in the study women on LPV\/r compared to those in the historical controls, these increases were not considered clinically significant. There were no changes in LPV or RTV exposure after DMPA. DMPA was well tolerated, and suppression of ovulation was maintained. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01296152.)\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.04701-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,27]],"date-time":"2015-01-27T02:49:35Z","timestamp":1422326975000},"page":"2094-2101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate in Combination with a Twice-Daily Lopinavir-Ritonavir-Based Regimen in HIV-Infected Women Showed Effective Contraception and a Lack of Clinically Significant Interactions, with Good Safety and Tolerability: Results of the ACTG 5283 Study"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Amneris E.","family":"Luque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan E.","family":"Cohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Gun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistical and Data Analysis Center, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoninah","family":"Cramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistical and Data Analysis Center, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Livingston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karin L.","family":"Klingman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of AIDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Aweeka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. Heather","family":"Watts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator, U.S. Department of State, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"v","volume-title":"Global report: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic, 2010","author":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS. 2010. Global report: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic, 2010, p v. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"64","article-title":"Drug-drug interactions and the pharmacotherapy of HIV infection","volume":"13","author":"Kashuba AD","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kashuba AD. 2005. Drug-drug interactions and the pharmacotherapy of HIV infection. Top HIV Med 13:64\u201369.","journal-title":"Top HIV Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199804303381808"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60597-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1997.0302"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199550020-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","volume-title":"Recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant HIV-infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV transmission in the United States","author":"Panel on Treatment of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Prevention of Perinatal Transmission","year":"2009","unstructured":"Panel on Treatment of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Prevention of Perinatal Transmission. 2009. Recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant HIV-infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV transmission in the United States. Panel on Treatment of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Prevention of Perinatal Transmission, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC. http:\/\/aidsinfo.nih.gov\/ContentFiles\/PerinatalGL.pdf. Accessed 20 July 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"38","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of lopinavir\/ritonavir during pregnancy: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Pasley MV","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pasley MV, Martinez M, Hermes A, d'Amico R, Nilius A. 2013. Safety and efficacy of lopinavir\/ritonavir during pregnancy: a systematic review. AIDS Rev 15:38\u201348.","journal-title":"AIDS Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61164-2"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"381","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception","volume":"41","author":"Mishell DR","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mishell DR, Jr. 1996. Pharmacokinetics of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception. J Reprod Med 41(5 Suppl):381\u2013390.","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120050042891"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.11.2695-2701.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990140703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100040"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2007.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100452"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"3297","article-title":"Role of human cytochrome P450 3A4 in metabolism of medroxyprogesterone acetate","volume":"6","author":"Kobayashi K","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kobayashi K, Mimura N, Fujii H, Minami H, Sasaki Y, Shimada N, Chiba K. 2000. Role of human cytochrome P450 3A4 in metabolism of medroxyprogesterone acetate. 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