{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T01:37:34Z","timestamp":1778895454652,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The antiretroviral agent atazanavir is associated with mild asymptomatic hyperbilirubinemia. We report two cases of symptomatic hyperbilirubinemia attributed to atazanavir in conjunction with the\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Pneumocystis jirovecii<\/jats:named-content>\n            pneumonia prophylaxis agent dapsone. Symptoms and laboratory evidence of hemolysis resolved upon discontinuation of dapsone, enabling successful antiretroviral therapy. Symptomatic hyperbilirubinemia due to hemolytic anemia is a potential adverse event when using the combination of atazanavir and dapsone in the treatment of patients with the human immunodeficiency virus.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.05806-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,30]],"date-time":"2011-11-30T02:31:59Z","timestamp":1322620319000},"page":"1081-1083","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Symptomatic Hyperbilirubinemia Secondary to Dapsone-Induced Hemolysis and Atazanavir Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Jeff","family":"East","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Internal Medicine\u2014Division of Infectious Diseases, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas Scott","family":"Blanton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Internal Medicine\u2014Division of Infectious Diseases, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"165","article-title":"The haemolytic effects of diaphenylsulfone (DDS) in normal subjects and in those with glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency","volume":"35","author":"Degowin RL","year":"1966","unstructured":"DegowinRL EppesRB PowellRD CarsonPE. 1966. The haemolytic effects of diaphenylsulfone (DDS) in normal subjects and in those with glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency. Bull. World Health Organ. 35: 165\u2013179.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199812243392604","article-title":"Atovaquone compared with dapsone for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with HIV infection who cannot tolerate trimethoprim, sulfonamides, or both. Community Program for Clinical Research on AIDS and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group","volume":"339","author":"El-Sadr WM","year":"1998","unstructured":"El-SadrWM. 1998. Atovaquone compared with dapsone for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with HIV infection who cannot tolerate trimethoprim, sulfonamides, or both. Community Program for Clinical Research on AIDS and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 339: 1889\u20131895.","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200363160-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1980.03300450023014","article-title":"The predictive value of serum haptoglobin in hemolytic disease","volume":"243","author":"Marchand A","year":"1980","unstructured":"MarchandA GalenRS Van LenteF. 1980. The predictive value of serum haptoglobin in hemolytic disease. JAMA 243: 1909\u20131911.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-72-5-711","article-title":"Hemolysis of red cells due to sulfone","volume":"72","author":"Mayer K","year":"1970","unstructured":"MayerK LeyAB. 1970. Hemolysis of red cells due to sulfone. Ann. Intern. Med. 72: 711\u2013714.","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. 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Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328011d7c1","article-title":"Genetic factors influencing atazanavir plasma concentrations and the risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia","volume":"21","author":"Rodriguez-Novoa S","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rodriguez-NovoaS. 2007. Genetic factors influencing atazanavir plasma concentrations and the risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia. AIDS 21: 41\u201346.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200301010-00004","article-title":"Results of a phase 2 clinical trial at 48 weeks (AI424-007): a dose-ranging, safety, and efficacy comparative trial of atazanavir at three doses in combination with didanosine and stavudine in antiretroviral-naive subjects","volume":"32","author":"Sanne I","year":"2003","unstructured":"SanneI PilieroP SquiresK ThiryA SchnittmanS. 2003. Results of a phase 2 clinical trial at 48 weeks (AI424-007): a dose-ranging, safety, and efficacy comparative trial of atazanavir at three doses in combination with didanosine and stavudine in antiretroviral-naive subjects. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 32: 18\u201329.","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1310\/0KX0-H9VH-99EE-5D0L","article-title":"Atazanavir plasma concentrations vary significantly between patients and correlate with increased serum bilirubin concentrations","volume":"7","author":"Smith DE","year":"2006","unstructured":"SmithDE JeganathanS RayJ. 2006. Atazanavir plasma concentrations vary significantly between patients and correlate with increased serum bilirubin concentrations. HIV Clin. Trials 7: 34\u201338.","journal-title":"HIV Clin. Trials"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.105.005447","article-title":"In vitro inhibition of UDP glucuronosyltransferases by atazanavir and other HIV protease inhibitors and the relationship of this property to in vivo bilirubin glucuronidation","volume":"33","author":"Zhang D","year":"2005","unstructured":"ZhangD. 2005. In vitro inhibition of UDP glucuronosyltransferases by atazanavir and other HIV protease inhibitors and the relationship of this property to in vivo bilirubin glucuronidation. Drug Metab. Dispos. 33: 1729\u20131739.","journal-title":"Drug Metab. 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