{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T14:38:33Z","timestamp":1758638313035},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1979,12,1]],"date-time":"1979-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":312854400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Fifteen patients with chronic hepatitis B were treated with adenine arabinoside (Ara-A) or human leukocyte interferon (HLI). Cellular immune response to hepatitis B virus surface antigen and antigens prepared from herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus was measured by a lymphocyte blast transformation assay and an assay for interferon production. Measurements were made before, during, and after antiviral treatment. Unlike patients convalescing from acute hepatitis B, only 2 of 15 patients with chronic hepatitis B had significant blast transformation to hepatitis B surface antigen. One such response occurred during the pretreatment period of HLI therapy, and the other was in a patient undergoing low-dose (&lt;10\n            <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n            U\/kg per day) HLI therapy. Mononuclear cell cultures were tested for interferon production in the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen. Cells from only 1 of 15 patients produced detectable levels of interferon. In contrast, all of these patients had normal cellular immune responses to herpesvirus antigens. Transformation responses to herpes antigens decreased three- to fivefold after patients were treated with &gt;10\n            <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n            U of HLI per kg per day. Antiviral therapy with &lt;10\n            <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n            U of HLI per kg per day or Ara-A did not produce a detectable depression of transformation response. Ara-A produced marked lymphocytopenia and a marked lymphocyte fragility after 5 or more days of therapy. In vitro Ara-A was toxic to lymphocytes at concentrations as low as 0.5 \u03bcg\/ml. These changes in lymphocyte parameters may affect the outcome of antiviral therapy.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.16.6.781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]],"date-time":"2012-06-27T23:57:02Z","timestamp":1340841422000},"page":"781-787","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Effects of Interferon and Adenine Arabinoside Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus Infection on Cellular Immune Responses"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Barry","family":"Hafkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard B.","family":"Pollard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moti L.","family":"Tiku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William S.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Merigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.16.6.781","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.16.6.781","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T13:55:31Z","timestamp":1645451731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.16.6.781"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1979,12]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.16.6.781"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.16.6.781","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1979,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1979-12-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}