{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T11:08:47Z","timestamp":1784718527675,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1973,6,1]],"date-time":"1973-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":107740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Cephradine, a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, has a low order of oral and parenteral toxicity in animals. The oral LD\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            in mice and rats ranged from 5 to &gt;8 g\/kg, and the intraperitoneal LD\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            values in mice and rats were 0.7 to 1.5 g\/kg and 4.0 g\/kg, respectively. The intravenous LD\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            in mice ranged from 3.0 to 3.8 g\/kg. In anesthetized dogs, intravenous doses of cephradine (40 and 120 mg\/kg, given 45 min apart) had no effect on either the renal or cardiovascular systems. Single intramuscular injections (0.25 ml or 0.5 ml of a solution containing 125 to 235 mg of cephradine\/ml) elicited no signs of either pain or local irritation in dogs, and only transient signs of slight-to-moderate irritation were observed in rabbits. In subacute toxicity studies, cephradine was administered for 4 weeks to rats (daily intraperitoneal doses of 160, 480, or 1,600 mg\/kg) and dogs (daily intravenous doses of 80, 240, or 800 mg\/kg); in addition, over a 2-week period, monkeys were given daily intravenous doses of 60, 180, or 600 mg\/kg. No clinical, biochemical, gross, or micropathological changes due to cephradine were observed in these animals; especially notable was the absence of any signs of nephrotoxicity. In chronic toxicity studies, daily doses of cephradine were administered orally to rats (100 to 1,000 mg\/kg), dogs (50 to 500 mg\/kg), and monkeys (50 to 500 mg\/kg) for 26, 26, and 13 weeks, respectively. Significant responses were observed only in rats, in which grossly enlarged, but histologically normal, ceca developed, a common finding in rodents dosed with antibiotics; in addition, there were increases in the relative and absolute weights of the adrenal glands. None of these effects was observed in rats that were necropsied 3 weeks after termination of dosage. In reproduction studies in mice and rats given either daily oral doses (100 or 300 mg\/kg) or daily intraperitoneal doses (rats only; 80 or 320 mg\/kg) of cephradine, no drug-related teratogenic changes in the offspring were observed.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.3.6.682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]],"date-time":"2012-06-27T23:57:02Z","timestamp":1340841422000},"page":"682-685","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Toxicological, Pathological, and Teratological Studies in Animals with Cephradine"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"G. L.","family":"Hassert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Squibb Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey 08540"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. J.","family":"DeBaecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Squibb Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey 08540"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. S.","family":"Kulesza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Squibb Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey 08540"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. M.","family":"Traina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Squibb Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey 08540"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. P.","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Squibb Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey 08540"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Squibb Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey 08540"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.3.6.682","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.3.6.682","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T13:41:28Z","timestamp":1645450888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.3.6.682"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1973,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.3.6.682"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.3.6.682","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1973,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1973-06-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}