{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:08:02Z","timestamp":1787162882691,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,3,1]],"date-time":"1989-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":604713600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of combinations of beta-lactams with two beta-lactamase inhibitors, sulbactam and clavulanic acid, were determined in vitro against 22 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Combinations of cefpirome, cefotaxime, and cefazolin with sulbactam (10 micrograms\/ml) showed synergistic effects against more than 70% of the strains. Combinations of methicillin and penicillin G with sulbactam also showed synergistic effects against 50 and 68% of the strains, respectively, while cefotiam, moxalactam, flomoxef, and cefmetazole in combination with sulbactam showed such effects against only 40% or fewer. Clavulanic acid was synergistic only when combined with penicillin G, the effect probably being due to the beta-lactamase inhibition by the inhibitor. Sulbactam did not improve the antimicrobial activities of the beta-lactams against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strains. At 42 degrees C the MICs of cefotaxime, methicillin, and flomoxef alone were markedly decreased from the values at 35 degrees C, and no synergy between these beta-lactams and sulbactam appeared. The resistance to penicillin G was not inhibited by incubation at 42 degrees C, and combinations of penicillin G with sulbactam and clavulanic acid showed synergy. The amounts of beta-lactamase produced were not related to the decreases in the MICs of the beta-lactams, except for penicillin G combined with sulbactam. Clavulanic acid showed slightly stronger beta-lactamase-inhibiting activity than sulbactam did. These results suggest that the synergy between sulbactam and the beta-lactams, except for penicillin G, may not be due to beta-lactamase inhibition but to suppression of the methicillin-resistant S. aureus-specific resistance based on other factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.33.3.331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]],"date-time":"2012-06-27T20:04:52Z","timestamp":1340827492000},"page":"331-335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["In vitro effects of beta-lactams combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharma Research Laboratories, Hoechst Japan Limited, Saitama, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharma Research Laboratories, Hoechst Japan Limited, Saitama, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharma Research Laboratories, Hoechst Japan Limited, Saitama, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Sakaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharma Research Laboratories, Hoechst Japan Limited, Saitama, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.33.3.331","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.33.3.331","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T10:06:41Z","timestamp":1645438001000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.33.3.331"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.33.3.331"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.33.3.331","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1989-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}