{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T15:46:54Z","timestamp":1759333614503},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,10,1]],"date-time":"1991-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":686275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>HWA-138, a pentoxifylline analog, has been shown to increase yeast urinary clearance and to reduce yeast counts in the kidneys of rats infected with Candida albicans. Furthermore, HWA-138 has also been shown to prevent amphotericin B-induced acute renal failure in rats. We report here on the effects of HWA-138 alone and in combination with amphotericin B in the treatment of systemic candidiasis in mice. When single doses of HWA-138 were administered intravenously (10, 25, or 50 mg\/kg of body weight) into infected mice, no significant improvement in survival was observed. In infected mice treated intravenously with multiple doses of HWA-138 (10, 25, or 50 mg\/kg once daily for 5 consecutive days), a significant increase in survival time was seen only in animals also receiving 25 mg of HWA-138 per kg (14 +\/- 3 days test versus 9 +\/- 1 days control; P less than 0.05). The coadministration of subtherapeutic doses of amphotericin B and HWA-138 resulted in increased survival time. Combination therapy with amphotericin B (0.1-mg\/kg single dose) and HWA-138 (10-, 25-, or 50-mg\/kg multiple doses) resulted in a significant increase in survival time over controls (19 +\/- 4, 19 +\/- 5, and 21 +\/- 9 days, respectively, versus 9 +\/- 3 days; P less than 0.05). Combination therapy with amphotericin B (0.2-mg\/kg single dose) and HWA-138 (10-, 25-, or 50-mg\/kg multiple doses) also resulted in a significant increase in survival time over controls (24 +\/- 6, 24 +\/- 6, and 24 +\/- 6, respectively, versus 9 +\/- 3 days; P less than 0.05). Combination therapy with amphotericin B (0.2-mg\/kg single dose) and HWA-138 (10-, 25-, or 50-mg\/kg multiple doses) also resulted in a significant increase in survival time over controls (24 +\/- 6, 24 +\/- 6, and 24 +\/- 6, respectively, versus 9 +\/- 3 days; P &lt; 0.05). Variance analysis of these findings indicate synergistic activity between amphotericin B and HWA-138 in the treatment of experimental candidiasis in mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.35.10.2046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,28]],"date-time":"2012-06-28T00:05:50Z","timestamp":1340841950000},"page":"2046-2048","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Antifungal activity of HWA-138 and amphotericin B in experimental systemic candidiasis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"K M","family":"Wasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston 77030."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Vadiei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston 77030."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D R","family":"Luke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston 77030."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Keyhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston 77030."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R A","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston 77030."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T J","family":"McQueen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston 77030."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston 77030."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Lopez-Berestein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston 77030."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.35.10.2046","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.35.10.2046","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T15:14:55Z","timestamp":1645456495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.35.10.2046"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.35.10.2046"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.35.10.2046","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1991-10-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}