{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:41:00Z","timestamp":1761561660727},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,11,1]],"date-time":"1995-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":815184000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In patients with polytrauma or major surgery, severe bacterial infections leading to septic shock and multiorgan failure are still a major cause of death. Prevention of septic shock in patients at risk would be an alternative to treatment of patients with overt septic shock. We therefore conducted a trial with the monocyte activator muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE) in an experimental pig model. Liposome encapsulated MTP-PE (50 micrograms\/kg of body weight) or liposomes alone were given intravenously at 72 or 24 h before endotoxemia was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), simultaneously with the induction of endotoxin shock, or 1 h thereafter. Pretreatment with MTP-PE at 72 and 24 h before endotoxemia was induced resulted in a reduction of endotoxin shock-induced mortality from 81.8% (9 of 11 animals) in the control group to 8.3% (1 of 12 animals) of the MTP-PE-pretreated animals (P &lt; 0.001). The administration of MTP-PE 24 h before the induction of endotoxin shock was more effective (P &lt; 0.01) than administration of MTP-PE 72 h before endotoxemia was induced (P = 0.05). The pretreated animals did not develop fever or cardiovascular complications, and pulmonary function was significantly improved. Furthermore, the alpha-form of the soluble CD14 LPS receptor in pig serum showed a marked decrease in LPS-treated animals, and this decrease was reduced by MTP-PE pretreatment at 24 h before endotoxemia was induced. When MTP-PE was given simultaneously with the induction of septic shock or 1 h thereafter, it did not influence either mortality or morbidity. In conclusion, pretreatment of pigs with MTP-PE improves several parameters of endotoxin shock and it reduces mortality. Patients with high risk of developing septic complications might benefit from a pretreatment with this monocyte-activating substance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.39.11.2535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,28]],"date-time":"2012-06-28T00:06:25Z","timestamp":1340841985000},"page":"2535-2540","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prevention of experimental endotoxin shock by a monocyte activator"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"B","family":"Passlick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M O","family":"Labeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J R","family":"Izbicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Ostertag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"L\u00f6ffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Siebeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"U","family":"Pichlmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Schweiberer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H W","family":"Ziegler-Heitbrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.39.11.2535","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.39.11.2535","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T20:02:24Z","timestamp":1645473744000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.39.11.2535"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.39.11.2535"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.39.11.2535","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1995-11-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}