{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:34:35Z","timestamp":1790112875245,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,1]],"date-time":"1995-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":796694400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cidofovir (HPMPC; (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine) is a nucleotide analog with activity against human cytomegalovirus (CMV). A phase I\/II dose escalation trial was conducted with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with CMV viruria to determine its pharmacokinetics, maximally tolerated dose, and preliminary antiviral activity against CMV. Qualitative CMV blood and urine cultures were monitored weekly to assess anti-CMV activity. Twenty-one HIV-infected persons with CD4 counts from 0 to 389 cells per microliters (median, 39) were enrolled in six dose-ranging groups. The first five groups enrolled four patients each to receive cidofovir infusions either weekly or biweekly for 4 weeks or every 3 weeks for 12 weeks. The sixth group enrolled one patient who received infusions of 5 mg\/kg of body weight every other week. Patients receiving 0.5 or 1.5 mg\/kg twice weekly experienced no serious toxicity. The first two patients who received 5 mg\/kg twice weekly developed glycosuria and 2+ proteinuria. Subsequent patients received concomitant probenecid to attempt to ameliorate renal toxicity. Seventeen patients experienced proteinuria on one or more occasions; 6 of them experienced at least 2+ proteinuria. Four patients did not complete the study as planned because of renal toxicity. Positive CMV urine cultures reverted to negative in 2 of 8 patients receiving doses of &lt; or = 1.5 mg\/kg twice weekly and 11 of 13 patients receiving higher doses. Cidofovir has in vivo anti-CMV activity demonstrated by prolonged clearing of CMV viruria, although this observation is tempered by the fact that clearance of viremia could not be demonstrated. The dose-limiting toxicity is renal; however, concurrent administration of probenecid may be protective. The maximally tolerated weekly intravenous dose with probenecid is approximately 5 mg\/kg. Efficacy trials with CMV disease will define the therapeutic utility and optimal dosing interval for cidofovir.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.39.4.882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,28]],"date-time":"2012-06-28T00:06:25Z","timestamp":1340841985000},"page":"882-886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Anticytomegaloviral activity and safety of cidofovir in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and cytomegalovirus viruria"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"M A","family":"Polis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K M","family":"Spooner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B F","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J F","family":"Manischewitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H S","family":"Jaffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P E","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Falloon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"R T","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J A","family":"Kovacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R E","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.39.4.882","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.39.4.882","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T20:01:44Z","timestamp":1645473704000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.39.4.882"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.39.4.882"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.39.4.882","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1995-04-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}