{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T09:04:39Z","timestamp":1784192679275,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,3,1]],"date-time":"1998-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":888710400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins commonly develops in\n            <jats:italic>Enterobacter aerogenes<\/jats:italic>\n            during therapy due to selection of mutants producing high levels of the chromosomal Bush group 1 \u03b2-lactamase. Recently, resistant strains producing plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases (ESBLs) have been isolated as well. A study was designed to investigate ESBL production among 31 clinical isolates of\n            <jats:italic>E. aerogenes<\/jats:italic>\n            from Richmond, Va., with decreased susceptibility to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and a positive double-disk potentiation test. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by standard disk diffusion and agar dilution procedures. \u03b2-Lactamases were investigated by an isoelectric focusing overlay technique which simultaneously determined isoelectric points (pIs) and substrate or inhibitor profiles. Decreased susceptibility to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam (MIC range, 1 to 64 \u03bcg\/ml) was detected and associated with resistance to gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. All strains produced an inducible Bush group 1 \u03b2-lactamase (pI 8.3). Twenty-nine of the 31 isolates also produced an enzyme similar to SHV-4 (pI 7.8), while 1 isolate each produced an enzyme similar to SHV-3 (pI 6.9) and to SHV-5 (pI 8.2). The three different SHV-derived ESBLs were transferred by transconjugation to\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            C600N and amplified by PCR. Plasmid profiles of the clinical isolates showed a variety of different large plasmids. Because of the linkage of resistance to aminoglycosides and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with ESBL production, it is possible that the usage of these drugs was responsible for selecting plasmid-mediated resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in\n            <jats:italic>E. aerogenes<\/jats:italic>\n            . Furthermore, it is important that strains such as these be recognized, because they can be responsible for institutional spread of resistance genes.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.42.3.596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T00:30:35Z","timestamp":1539045035000},"page":"596-600","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Plasmid-Mediated Resistance to Expanded-Spectrum Cephalosporins among\n            <i>Enterobacter aerogenes<\/i>\n            Strains"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Johann D. D.","family":"Pitout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68178,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth S.","family":"Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68178,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy D.","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68178,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton F.","family":"Ehrhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68178,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Coudron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Pathology, Hunter Holmes McGuire Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia 232492"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine C.","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68178,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01647010"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.12.2439"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/7.6.1513"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.4.899"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.6.1211"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-115-8-585"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.1992.tb01308.x","article-title":"Relationship between ceftriaxone use and resistance of Enterobacter species.","volume":"17","author":"Conu P.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Conu P. Francioli P. Relationship between ceftriaxone use and resistance of Enterobacter species. J. Clin. Pharm. Ther. 17 1992 303 305","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharm. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/27.4.441"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.12.2887-2890.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/12.5.808","article-title":"Enterobacter bacteremia in pediatric patients.","volume":"12","author":"Gallagher P. G.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gallagher P. G. Enterobacter bacteremia in pediatric patients. Rev. Infect. Dis. 12 1990 808 812","journal-title":"Rev. Infect. 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Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.9.1725"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.9.1697"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/10.4.867"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jarvis W. R. and W. J. Martone. 1992. Predominant pathogens in hospital infections. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 29 (Suppl. A) : 19\u201324.","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/29.suppl_A.19"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jones R. N. 1994. The antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime: comparative multinational hospital isolate surveys covering 15 years. Infection 22 (Suppl. 3) : S152\u2013S160.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01782700"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","unstructured":"Maniatis\n              T.\n              Fritsch\n              E. F.\n              Sambrook\n              J.\n          Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual.\n          1982\n          Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory\n          Cold Spring Harbor N.Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-88-1-169"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.8.1577"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","unstructured":"National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards\n          Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. Approved standard M2-A6.\n          1997\n          National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards\n          Villanova Pa"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","unstructured":"National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards\n          Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. 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Antimicrob. Chemother. 36 (Suppl. A) : 19\u201334.","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/36.suppl_A.19"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1994.tb04884.x"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.42.3.596","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.42.3.596","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T15:57:13Z","timestamp":1645459033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.42.3.596"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.42.3.596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.42.3.596","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1997-05-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1997-12-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}