{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T22:19:24Z","timestamp":1792880364463,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]],"date-time":"1998-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":896659200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The aim of the present pilot study was to compare the efficacy and safety of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) with those of the standard therapy pyrimethamine (P)-sulfadiazine (S) for the treatment of toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with AIDS. This was a pilot, multicenter, randomized, and prospective study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive TMP (10 mg\/kg of body weight\/day) and SMX (50 mg\/kg\/day) or P (50 mg daily) and S (60 mg\/kg\/day) as acute therapy (for 4 weeks) and then as maintenance therapy for 3 months at half of the original dosage. Seventy-seven patients were enrolled and randomized to the study: 40 patients were treated with TMP-SMX and 37 were treated with P-S. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical efficacy during acute therapy. In contrast, patients randomized to TMP-SMX appeared more likely to achieve a complete radiologic response after acute therapy. Adverse reactions were significantly more frequent in patients treated with P-S, and skin rash was the most common adverse event noted in these patients. In conclusion, the results of the study suggest that TMP-SMX appears to be a valuable alternative to P-S, in particular in patients with opportunistic bacterial infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.42.6.1346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T00:32:51Z","timestamp":1539045171000},"page":"1346-1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["Randomized Trial of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole versus Pyrimethamine-Sulfadiazine for Therapy of Toxoplasmic Encephalitis in Patients with AIDS"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Donato","family":"Torre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital, Varese,1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Casari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Brescia,2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Speranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital, Varese,1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Donisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Brescia,2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giampietro","family":"Gregis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Brescia,2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Poggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital, Verbania-Pallanza,3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Ranieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 4-->Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital, Ravenna,4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Orani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 5-->Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital, Lecco,5"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gioacchino","family":"Angarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 6-->Department of Infectious Diseases, Universtiy of Bari,6 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Chiodo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 7-->Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Bologna,7 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GianPaolo","family":"Fiori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital, Varese,1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giampiero","family":"Carosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Brescia,2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Italian Collaborative Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01967063","article-title":"Cotrimoxazole therapy of Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis in AIDS patients.","volume":"11","author":"Canessa A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Canessa A. 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Wilkins E. Tija J. Coker R. McKane W. Beeching N. Watkin S. Marked variation in pyrimethamine disposition in AIDS patients treated for cerebral toxoplasmosis. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 36 1995 435 439","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Young L. S. and J. Hindler. 1987. Use of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole singly and in combination with other antibiotics in immunocompromised patients. Rev. Infect. 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