{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:28:18Z","timestamp":1790911698712,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]],"date-time":"1999-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":941414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n            is a gram-negative bacterium that causes the disease known as melioidosis. This pathogen is endemic to Southeast Asia and northern Australia and is particularly problematic in northeastern Thailand. It has been previously reported that\n            <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n            is resistant to the killing action of cationic antimicrobial peptides, including human neutrophil peptide, protamine sulfate, poly-\n            <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n            -lysine, magainins, and polymyxins. Recently, we have also found that the virulent clinical isolate\n            <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n            1026b is capable of replicating in media containing polymyxin B at concentrations of &gt;100 mg\/ml. In order to identify genetic loci that are associated with this particular resistance phenotype, we employed a Tn\n            <jats:italic>5<\/jats:italic>\n            -OT182 mutagenesis system in coordination with a replica plating screen to isolate polymyxin B-susceptible mutants. Of the 17,000 Tn\n            <jats:italic>5<\/jats:italic>\n            -OT182 mutants screened via this approach, five polymyxin B-susceptible mutants were obtained. Three of these mutants harbored Tn\n            <jats:italic>5<\/jats:italic>\n            -OT182 insertions within a genetic locus demonstrating strong homology to the\n            <jats:italic>lytB<\/jats:italic>\n            gene present in other gram-negative bacteria. Of the remaining two mutants, one contained a transposon insertion in a locus involved in lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis (\n            <jats:italic>waaF<\/jats:italic>\n            ), while the other contained an insertion in an open reading frame homologous to UDP-glucose dehydrogenase genes. Isogenic mutants were also constructed via allelic exchange and used in complementation analysis studies to further characterize the relative importance of each of the various genetic loci with respect to the polymyxin B resistance phenotype exhibited by\n            <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n            1026b.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.43.11.2648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T00:33:39Z","timestamp":1539045219000},"page":"2648-2656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Isolation of Polymyxin B-Susceptible Mutants of\n            <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/i>\n            and Molecular Characterization of Genetic Loci Involved in Polymyxin B Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Mary N.","family":"Burtnick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary Health Sciences Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald E.","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary Health Sciences Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.3.1008-1016.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389","article-title":"Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs.","volume":"25","author":"Altshul S. F.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Altshul S. F. Madden T. L. Schaffer A. A. Zhang J. Zhang Z. Miller W. Lipman D. J. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res. 25 1997 3389 3402","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5607","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.12.5607-5612.1998","article-title":"The lipopolysaccharide of Bordetella brochiseptica acts as protective shield against antimicrobial peptides.","volume":"66","author":"Banemann A.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Banemann A. Deppeisch H. Gross R. The lipopolysaccharide of Bordetella brochiseptica acts as protective shield against antimicrobial peptides. Infect. Immun. 66 1998 5607 5612","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.7.2824-2828.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-48-1-317"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Brett P. J. D. DeShazer and D. E. Woods. Self-cloning cassette vectors. Unpublished."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"170","article-title":"Passive protection of diabetic rats with antisera specific for the polysaccharide portion of the lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas pseudomallei.","volume":"5","author":"Bryan L. E.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bryan L. E. Wong S. Woods D. E. Dance D. A. B. Chaowagul W. Passive protection of diabetic rats with antisera specific for the polysaccharide portion of the lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas pseudomallei. Can. J. Infect. Dis. 5 1994 170 178","journal-title":"Can. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/159.5.890"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.4.1.52"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","unstructured":"Dance\n              D. A. B.\n          Melioidosis\n          Manson\u2019s tropical diseases\n          20th ed.\n              Cook\n              G. C.\n          1996\n          925\n          930\n          W. B. Saunders Co. Ltd.\n          London England"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.11.3451-3457.1997","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of two genes, waaC (rfaC) and waaF (rfaF), involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O5 inner-core biosynthesis.","volume":"179","author":"De Kievet T. R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"De Kievet T. R. Lam J. S. Isolation and characterization of two genes, waaC (rfaC) and waaF (rfaF), involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O5 inner-core biosynthesis. 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R.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Merriman T. R. Lamont I. L. Construction and use of a self cloning promoter probe vector for Gram-negative bacteria. Gene 126 1993 17 23","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.170.6.2575-2583.1988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.30.6.923"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.29.3.496"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.3.465"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","unstructured":"National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards\n          Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically\n          2nd ed.\n          1990\n          National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards\n          Villanova Pa"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.11.1831"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.7.1959-1961.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.4.992-997.1995","article-title":"\u03b2-Lactam-induced bacteriolysis of amino acid-deprived Escherichia coli is dependent on phospholipid synthesis.","volume":"177","author":"Rodinov D. G.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rodinov D. G. Pisabarro A. G. De Pedro M. A. Kusser W. Ishiguro E. E. \u03b2-Lactam-induced bacteriolysis of amino acid-deprived Escherichia coli is dependent on phospholipid synthesis. J. Bacteriol. 177 1995 992 997","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2871","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-142-10-2871","article-title":"Dependence of peptidoglycan metabolism on phospholipid synthesis during growth of Escherichia coli.","volume":"142","author":"Rodinov D. G.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rodinov D. G. Ishiguro E. E. Dependence of peptidoglycan metabolism on phospholipid synthesis during growth of Escherichia coli. Microbiology 142 1996 2871 2877","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","unstructured":"Schweizer\n              H. P.\n              Klassen\n              T.\n              Hoang\n              T.\n          Improved methods for gene analysis and expression in Pseudomonas spp.\n          Molecular biology of pseudomonads.\n              Nakazawa\n              T.\n              Furukawa\n              K.\n              Haas\n              D.\n              Silver\n              S.\n          1996\n          229\n          237\n          American Society for Microbiology\n          Washington D.C."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.31.2.238-243.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1183-784"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.176.8.2379-2385.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(95)00793-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00935695"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","unstructured":"Smith\n              J. A.\n          Electrophoretic separation of proteins\n          Current protocols in molecular biology.\n              Ausubel\n              F. M.\n              Brent\n              R.\n              Kingston\n              R. E.\n              Moore\n              D. D.\n              Seidman\n              G.\n              Smith\n              J. A.\n              Struhl\n              K.\n          1987\n          10.2.1\n          10.2.7\n          John Wiley & Sons\n          New York N.Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.21.6699-6704.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(82)90673-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","unstructured":"Wilson\n              K.\n          Preparation of genomic DNA from bacteria\n          Current protocols in molecular biology.\n              Ausubel\n              F. M.\n              Brent\n              R.\n              Kingston\n              R. E.\n              Moore\n              D. D.\n              Seidman\n              G.\n              Smith\n              J. A.\n              Struhl\n              K.\n          1987\n          2.4.1\n          2.4.5\n          John Wiley & Sons\n          New York N.Y"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.43.11.2648","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.43.11.2648","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T16:02:39Z","timestamp":1645459359000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.43.11.2648"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,11]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.43.11.2648"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.43.11.2648","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-04-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-08-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-11-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}