{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T19:51:15Z","timestamp":1791057075951,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,6,1]],"date-time":"1999-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":928195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Mupirocin has been widely used for the clearance of nasal methicillin-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            (MRSA) carriage during outbreaks, but no placebo-controlled trial has evaluated its value for eradicating MRSA carriage at multiple body sites in settings where MRSA is not epidemic. In a 1,500-bed teaching hospital with endemic MRSA, 102 patients colonized with MRSA were randomized into a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and treated with either mupirocin (group M) or placebo (group P) applied to the anterior nares for 5 days; both groups used chlorhexidine soap for body washing. Follow-up screening, susceptibility testing, and genotyping were performed to evaluate treatment success, mupirocin or chlorhexidine resistance, and exogenous recolonization. At baseline, MRSA carriage was 60% in the nares, 38% in the groin, and 62% in other sites (skin lesions, urine). The MRSA eradication rate (all body sites) was 25% in group M (12 of 48 patients), compared to 18% in group P (9 of 50 patients; relative risk [RR], 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI\n            <jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub>\n            ], 0.33 to 1.55). At the end of follow-up, 44% of patients (19 of 43) were free of nasal MRSA in group M, compared to 23% (11 of 44) in group P (RR, 0.57; CI\n            <jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub>\n            , 0.31 to 1.04). Ten patients developed MRSA infections (three in group M and seven in group P). One mupirocin treatment failure was due to exogenous MRSA recolonization. No MRSA isolate showed chlorhexidine resistance or high-level mupirocin resistance; however, we observed an association (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.003) between low-level mupirocin resistance at study entry (prevalence, 23%) and subsequent treatment failure in both study arms. These results suggest that nasal mupirocin is only marginally effective in the eradication of multisite MRSA carriage in a setting where MRSA is endemic.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.43.6.1412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T00:35:02Z","timestamp":1539045302000},"page":"1412-1416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":235,"title":["Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial To Evaluate the Efficacy of Mupirocin for Eradicating Carriage of Methicillin-Resistant\n            <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Stephan","family":"Harbarth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Infection Control Program1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasi","family":"Dharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Infection Control Program1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Liassine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Clinical Microbiology Laboratory,2 University Hospitals of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Herrault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Infection Control Program1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Auckenthaler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Clinical Microbiology Laboratory,2 University Hospitals of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Pittet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Infection Control Program1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/54.19.2185","article-title":"Intranasal mupirocin for outbreaks of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"54","author":"Bertino J. 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