{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:44:46Z","timestamp":1790775886972,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]],"date-time":"2001-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":978307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A unique series of simple \u201cunnatural\u201d nucleosides has been discovered to inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. Through structure-activity analysis it was found that the 3\u2032-OH group of the \u03b2-\n            <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n            -2\u2032-deoxyribose of the \u03b2-\n            <jats:sc>l-<\/jats:sc>\n            2\u2032-deoxynucleoside confers specific antihepadnavirus activity. The unsubstituted nucleosides \u03b2-\n            <jats:sc>l-<\/jats:sc>\n            2\u2032-deoxycytidine, \u03b2-\n            <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n            -thymidine, and \u03b2-\n            <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n            -2\u2032-deoxyadenosine had the most potent, selective, and specific antiviral activity against HBV replication. Human DNA polymerases (\u03b1, \u03b2, and \u03b3) and mitochondrial function were not affected. In the woodchuck model of chronic HBV infection, viral load was reduced by as much as 10\n            <jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup>\n            genome equivalents\/ml of serum and there was no drug-related toxicity. In addition, the decline in woodchuck hepatitis virus surface antigen paralleled the decrease in viral load. These investigational drugs, used alone or in combination, are expected to offer new therapeutic options for patients with chronic HBV infection.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.45.1.229-235.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:56:57Z","timestamp":1027763817000},"page":"229-235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":152,"title":["Antiviral\n            <scp>l<\/scp>\n            -Nucleosides Specific for Hepatitis B Virus Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Martin L.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Novirio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 021401;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward G.","family":"Bridges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Novirio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 021401;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Placidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Liver Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 352942;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdesslem","family":"Faraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Liver Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 352942;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Giulia","family":"Loi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Novirio Pharmaceuticals, SARL, 75008 Paris,3 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Pierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Novirio Pharmaceuticals, SARL, 75008 Paris,3 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Dukhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Novirio Pharmaceuticals, SARL, 75008 Paris,3 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Gosselin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 4-->Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, CNRS UMR 5625, Universite\u0301 de Montpellier II, 34095 Cedex 5 Montpellier,4 France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Louis","family":"Imbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 4-->Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, CNRS UMR 5625, Universite\u0301 de Montpellier II, 34095 Cedex 5 Montpellier,4 France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Liver Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 352942;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Juodawlkis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Novirio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 021401;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bud","family":"Tennant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 5-->Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 148535;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent","family":"Korba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 6-->Division of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Georgetown University College of Medicine, Rockville, Maryland 208526;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 6-->Division of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Georgetown University College of Medicine, Rockville, Maryland 208526;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pat","family":"Marion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 7-->Divisions of Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 943057; 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