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Infections with\n            <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n            are treated with nitroimidazoles, primarily with metronidazole. At this time, there is a lack of useful alternative classes of substances for the treatment of invasive amoebiasis. Alkylphosphocholines (alkyl-PCs) such as hexadecyl-PC (miltefosine) were originally developed as antitumor agents, but recently they have been successfully used for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in humans. We examined hexadecyl-PC and several other alkyl-PCs with longer alkyl chains, with and without double bond(s), for their activity against two strains of\n            <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n            . The compounds with the highest activity were oleyl-PC, octadecyl-PC, and nonadecenyl-PC, with 50% effective concentrations for 48 h of treatment between 15 and 21 \u03bcM for strain SFL-3 and between 73 and 98 \u03bcM for strain HM-1:IMSS. We also tested liposomal formulations of these alkyl-PCs and miltefosine. The alkyl-PC liposomes showed slightly lower activity, but are expected to be well tolerated. Liposomal formulations of oleyl-PC or closely related alkyl-PCs could be promising candidates for testing as broad-spectrum antiprotozoal and antitumor agents in humans.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.45.5.1505-1510.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:06:42Z","timestamp":1027764402000},"page":"1505-1510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Effects of Miltefosine and Other Alkylphosphocholines on Human Intestinal Parasite\n            <i>Entamoeba histolytica<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Karin","family":"Seifert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Duche\u0302ne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walther H.","family":"Wernsdorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herwig","family":"Kollaritsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Otto","family":"Scheiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Division of Applied Experimental Pathology,2 Department of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Wiedermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hottkowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, D-37077 Go\u0308ttingen, Germany3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansjo\u0308rg","family":"Eibl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, D-37077 Go\u0308ttingen, Germany3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-7372(87)90023-5","article-title":"New cytostatics with experimentally different toxic profiles.","volume":"14","author":"Berger R. 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